A leaked Cable of US Embassy Addis Ababa, classified as ‘Confidential’ and dated June 2007, claims that:
PM Meles took a very significant political risk by pushing TPLF hard-liners to agree to release the CUD detainees.
‘The CUD detainees’ are leaders of the former Coalition for Unity and Democracy (CUD) – that won the capital city by a landslide in the May 2005 election. Though the party claimed to have won nationwide, no reputed organization corroborated the claim. (except a grouping called ‘network of civil society organizations’ that placed only 40 election observers.)
Nonetheless, after months of post-election controversy, in Nov. 2005, the CUD leaders, hoping to force the government into a power-sharing, issued a statement calling the public for various forms of protest, including some specific actions which target members of a specific ethnic group and political party. Though the Ethiopians social ethos subsided the calls for such group specific actions, the street riots left 196 persons, including police officers, dead. The leaders of CUD were detained and charged on several counts, including an attempt to change the constitutional system through unconstitutional means, in an Ethiopian court that convicted them on most of the charges after a year and half long trial. However, they were released on June 2007 when the President of the Republic accepted their petition for pardon, in which they took responsibility for the loss of life and property.
Naturally, the pardoning of the CUD detainees is likely to meet stiff resistance from the TPLF, whose constituency was targeted by the Nov. 2005 violence. Though, leaders of the other three parties, which together with TPLF make-up the ruling party EPRDF, are unlikely to be fond of the idea, either.
The account on the US Embassy Cable concurs with this expectation. It states:
During a previously scheduled meeting of the central committee of the ruling Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) on June 23, PM Meles presented his plans to release the CUD detainees on the basis of their statement acknowledging mistakes and agreeing to uphold the constitution. During the meeting, Meles faced sharp criticism from the hard-liners of his own TPLF Central Committee, many of whom vehemently oppose release of the CUD detainees. They pointed out that a release at this point would amount to circumventing the judicial process, given that the detainees had been convicted, but not yet sentenced (ref B). They further noted that negative attention coming from American media, as well as from the U.S. Congress, makes any action at this point appear that the GOE capitulated to public pressure. In the end, after a prolonged debate, PM Meles was able to secure agreement from the Central Committee, but the apparent difficulty he faced in doing so is evidence that the TPLF is not the one-man show that some believe it is.
The Cable claims further that:
In order to secure agreement from the TPLF Central Committee to release the CUD detainees, PM Meles agreed that Ethiopia’s High Court would first be permitted to complete the sentencing of those found guilty, scheduled to take place on July 9. ……..PM Meles took a very significant political risk by pushing TPLF hard-liners to agree to release the CUD detainees. Those in the TPLF Central Committee undoubtedly will be looking for a means to reverse this decision.
Eventually, the government approved the detainees’ petition for pardon and released them by mid-June, 2007.
Read the full text below.
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Reference ID – 07ADDISABABA2005
Created – 2007-06-26 15:04
Released – 2011-08-30 01:44
Classification – CONFIDENTIAL
Origin – Embassy Addis Ababa
VZCZCXRO6147
OO RUEHROV
DE RUEHDS #2005/01 1771504
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
O 261504Z JUN 07
FM AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 6772
INFO RUCNIAD/IGAD COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHINGTON DC PRIORITY
RHMFISS/CJTF HOA PRIORITY
RUEKDIA/DIA WASHINGTON DC PRIORITY
RHEHNSC/NSC WASHDC PRIORITY
RHMFISS/HQ USCENTCOM MACDILL AFB FL PRIORITY
RUEHLMC/MILLENNIUM CHALLENGE CORP WASHINGTON DC PRIORITY 0032
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 02 ADDIS ABABA 002005
SIPDIS
SIPDIS
DEPARTMENT FOR AF/E AND DRL: S.JOSEPH
LONDON, PARIS, ROME FOR AFRICA WATCHER
CJTF-HOA AND USCENTCOM FOR POLAD
E.O. 12958: DECL: 06/25/2017
TAGS: PHUM KJUS KDEM PGOV ET
SUBJECT: ETHIOPIA: PRIME MINISTER MELES TO RELEASE POLITICAL DETAINEES, DESPITE INTERNAL OPPOSITION
REF: A. ADDIS ABABA 01420 AND PREVIOUS
¶B. ADDIS ABABA 01818
ADDIS ABAB 00002005 001.2 OF 002
Classified By: AMBASSADOR DONALD YAMAMOTO. REASON: 1.4 (D).
¶1. (C) SUMMARY. On June 22, the many months of shuttle diplomacy on the part of Professor Ephraim Isaac to secure release of the Coalition for Unity and Democracy (CUD) political detainees reached an important milestone. Nearly two weeks after the High Court announced their conviction on criminal charges, the 21-member CUD Supreme Council agreed unanimously to sign a document admitting their "mistakes," thereby complying with the Prime Minister’s condition for granting clemency. Almost all of the remaining 40 detainees in GOE custody, including members of the media, have signed as well. (The two civil society representatives decided against signing and will continue their legal defense; their trial resumes on July 12.) The Tigrayan People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) Central Committee on June 23 reluctantly approved the PM’s proposal to release the prisoners, but forced a two-week delay in the announcement. This gives hard-liners in the TPLF, as well as those in the CUD, who oppose any deal with the PM, more time to "deep six" the agreement. Post urges no public statements during this sensitive period. END SUMMARY.
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ELDERS WORK HARD TO BROKER DEAL
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¶2. (C) The first order of business on Professor Ephraim’s current trip to Ethiopia was meeting with PM Meles on June 13 to discuss the state of negotiations with the CUD leadership (on hold since his prior visit in April) and the terms that the detainees must agree to in order to secure their release (ref A). The PM agreed that if the detainees each signed individual documents acknowledging that they made a mistake by "attempting to change the government through illegal means," they would be released and given unconditional freedom. The exact wording of the document had previously been a point of contention, but Professor Ephraim and the Elders negotiated tirelessly to arrive at agreeable language for both CUD and TPLF leadership. During the week of June 18, Ephraim spent countless hours at Kaliti prison working with CUD leadership on their decision to sign the release document. Indeed, in a breakthrough on June 22, all 21 members of the CUD Supreme Council agreed unanimously to sign the document. This move by the leadership prompted signatures of nearly all of the remaining 40 detainees, including members of the media, on June 25. However, the two civil society representatives decided against signing and will continue their legal defense. Their trial will resume on July 12. (ref B)
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MELES TAKES BOLD MOVE
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¶3. (C) Professor Ephraim relayed the good news to PM Meles late on June 22, though much of the hard work was still to come. During a previously scheduled meeting of the central committee of the ruling Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) on June 23, PM Meles presented his plans to release the CUD detainees on the basis of their statement acknowledging mistakes and agreeing to uphold the constitution. During the meeting, Meles faced sharp criticism from the hard-liners of his own TPLF Central Committee, many of whom vehemently oppose release of the CUD detainees. They pointed out that a release at this point would amount to circumventing the judicial process, given that the detainees had been convicted, but not yet sentenced (ref B). They further noted that negative attention coming from American media, as well as from the U.S. Congress, makes any action at this point appear that the GOE capitulated to public pressure. In the end, after a prolonged debate, PM Meles was able to secure agreement from the Central Committee, but the apparent difficulty he faced in doing so is evidence that the TPLF is not the one-man show that some believe it is.
ADDIS ABAB 00002005 002.2 OF 002
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WHEN THEN RELEASED?
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¶4. (C) In order to secure agreement from the TPLF Central Committee to release the CUD detainees, PM Meles agreed that Ethiopia’s High Court would first be permitted to complete the sentencing of those found guilty, scheduled to take place on July 9. Following that, the detainees who signed the document are expected to be released, and the GOE will issue a statement explaining the move. PM Meles asked Professor Ephraim to return to Ethiopia at that time, when the Elders are also expected to issue a statement on the release and the need for national reconciliation.
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COMMENT: NEXT 10 DAYS CRITICAL
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¶5. (C) The coming two weeks before the sentencing and subsequent release of the detainees are very volatile. PM Meles took a very significant political risk by pushing TPLF hard-liners to agree to release the CUD detainees. Those in the TPLF Central Committee undoubtedly will be looking for a means to reverse this decision. Additional negative attention from the international media, and more importantly from the U.S. Congress, could potentially cause the agreement to derail, resulting in a disaster for Ethiopian peace and stability. This breakthrough, won through the hard work of Professor Ephraim and his fellow Ethiopian Elders, as well the political risks taken by PM Meles, would make immeasurable progress in repairing the damage done following the post-May 2005 election protests.
¶6. (C) The GOE is very thankful to the Embassy and the Department for getting the U.S. Congress to delay mark-up of Representative Payne’s Ethiopia bill. But CUD hard-liners in the U.S. have been critical of any agreement with the PM. From very harsh phone calls and emails to the Ambassador, it is clear that the CUD hard-liners in the U.S. view continued detention as the best means to hammer the PM. Their release would force them to find other areas in which to go after the GOE. END COMMENT.
¶7. (U) ACTION REQUEST. Post requests the Department to continue to use previously agreed upon language to answer any possible questions on this matter. Additionally, upon release of the detainees, Post requests that the Department issue the following statement:
BEGIN TEXT.
The United States expresses it deep appreciation to the Ethiopian Elders for their tireless and unselfish dedication to advancing political openness and dialogue in Ethiopia. Their efforts were at the heart of the successes we now recognize. Prime Minister Meles and his government took a bold step in the release of the detainees. We applaud and commend the Government of Ethiopia for its action. We also commend and support the political opposition for its commitment to dialogue and promoting peaceful solutions. We also express our commitment to help the detainees upon release.
END TEXT.
YAMAMOTO
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