{"id":13180,"date":"2017-07-22T22:31:22","date_gmt":"2017-07-22T19:31:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hornaffairs.com\/tg\/?p=13180"},"modified":"2017-07-24T17:19:32","modified_gmt":"2017-07-24T14:19:32","slug":"ethiopia-eritrea-public-diplomacy-solution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hornaffairs.com\/tg\/2017\/07\/22\/ethiopia-eritrea-public-diplomacy-solution\/","title":{"rendered":"\u12ab\u1265 \u12a5\u1295\u12f3 \u122b\u12a5\u1232 \u12ad\u1233\u1265\u2019\u1295\u12f3 \u1263\u1215\u1228\u2019\u130b\u1232 \u12d8\u120b \u1263\u12a5\u1232 \u1293\u12ed \u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u12f2\u1355\u120e\u121b\u1232\u2019\u12eb \u1275\u12be\u1293 \u1348\u12cd\u1232!"},"content":{"rendered":"

(\u12f3\u1295\u12a4\u120d \u1270\u1235\u134b\u12ee\u12cd\u1203\u1295\u1235 \u1270\u12bd\u1208\u130a\u12ee\u122d\u130a\u1235<\/span> (ewandt54[at]gmail.com)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u1355\u120b\u1295-\u1232\u1361 \u1293\u12ed \u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u12f2\u1355\u120e\u121b\u1232\u2019\u12eb <\/span><\/p>\n

\u1275\u12be\u1293 \u1348\u12cd\u1232\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u12dd\u1265\u120d \u121d\u1233\u1208\u12ed \u12a8\u1250\u12f5\u121d\u2019\u121e\u1361 \u12dd\u1300\u1218\u122d\u12a9\u12ce \u12ad\u1255\u133d\u120d\u1362 \u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u12be\u12ed\u1291 \u12a9\u1209 \u1230\u1265 \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u1348\u120d\u1326\u1361 \u1240\u12f3\u1218\u12ed\u1275\u1295 \u12ab\u120d\u12a3\u12ed\u1275\u1295 \u1270\u1263\u1202\u1208\u1295 \u1270\u1348\u1252\u12f0\u1295 \u12d8\u1208\u12cb \u1325\u1260\u1265 \u12a3\u1228\u12a3\u12a5\u12eb \u121d\u1295\u1245\u1235\u1253\u1235 \u1293\u12ed\u2019\u12db \u12d3\u1208\u121d \u12d5\u12f3\u130b \u1270\u1348\u1272\u1290\u1295\u1361 \u12cd\u133d\u12a2\u1270\u1295 \u12f5\u121b \u1275\u133d\u1262\u1275 \u1293\u1265 \u12d8\u12ed\u1270\u1308\u1265\u1228\u1209 \u1338\u120d\u121b\u1275 \u1308\u1339 \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u1250\u1290\u1290\u2019\u1232 … \u1213\u12f2\u123d \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u1203\u1230\u1235 \u12dd\u1265\u1209 \u1230\u1263\u1275 \u121d\u1233\u120e\u121d \u12ad\u1215\u12cd\u1231 \u1290\u1273 \u1233\u120d\u1230\u12ed\u1272 \u12a3\u121b\u122b\u133a\u1275 \u12ad\u12f5\u1205\u1235\u1231 \u12dd\u1295\u1240\u1233\u1250\u1231 \u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1209 \u12a3\u1208\u12c9 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1275\u12d5\u12dd\u1265\u1270\u12ed \u12a8\u1250\u12f5\u121d\u1362 \u1265\u121d\u1255\u133b\u120d \u12f5\u121b \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295\u12a8 \u12a5\u1295\u1273\u12ed \u121b\u1208\u1275\u2019\u12e9<\/b> \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1215\u1276 \u1265\u121d\u120d\u12d3\u120d \u1293\u1265 \u1218\u1295\u1240\u120d\u12e8\u12ed \u12ad\u121d\u1208\u1235\u1362 \u12ab\u1265\u12a1 \u12a3\u1265 \u12a2\u12f0\u12ed \u12ab\u1265 \u12d8\u1208\u12c9 \u1218\u133b\u1215\u134d\u1272 \u12dd\u1250\u1228\u121d\u12a9\u12ce\u121d \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u1218\u1230\u1228\u1275 \u1265\u121d\u130d\u1263\u122d\u1361 \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u12f0\u12a3 \u1295\u12ad\u134b\u120d \u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1273\u1275 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b\u1295 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u1295 \u12dd\u121d\u120d\u12a8\u1275 \u12a3\u1218\u12d3\u1263\u1265\u120b\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u1295\u1265\u1263\u122d \u1325\u1260\u1265\u1295 \u12dd\u1215\u1265\u122d \u1293\u12ed \u1273\u122a\u12bd \u1275\u1215\u12dd\u1276 \u12a2\u12e9\u1361<\/b> \u1265\u121d\u1263\u120d \u1290\u12da \u133d\u1211\u134d\u2019\u12da \u12dd\u121d\u1325\u1295 \u12a3\u1260\u1203\u1205\u120b \u12ad\u121d\u120d\u12a3\u1209\u1362 \u1265\u134d\u120b\u12ed \u12a3\u1265\u2019\u12db \u12a5\u12cb\u1295\u2019\u12da\u12a3 \u1293\u1265 \u1218\u12f5\u1228\u12bd \u121d\u1255\u120d\u1243\u1209 \u12f5\u121b \u12c8\u12eb\u1290\u1295 \u123b\u12d5\u1265\u12eb\u1295 \u1265\u12d5\u120b\u121b\u1295 \u1265\u1218\u1260\u1246\u120d\u1295 (ambition & origin) \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u1218\u1233\u1230\u1209 \u12a3\u12d8\u12bb\u12ba\u1229\u1361 \u12a0\u1228 \u12a5\u1295\u1273\u2019\u12e9 \u1309\u12f1\u1361 \u12c8\u12ee\u121d \u201c\u12d5\u122d\u1242 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u122d\u1273 \u130c\u122d\u12ab\u1275\u12a9\u121d \u1270\u12d3\u1228\u1251\u201d \u1265\u12dd\u1265\u120d \u121c\u120b \u1293\u12ed \u1208\u12cd\u1325\u1295 \u12d5\u122d\u1245\u1295 \u12a5\u1293\u1270\u1290\u1263\u1260\u1229\u1361 \u121d\u1235 \u1325\u120d\u12eb\u1295\u1295 \u1271\u122d\u12ad\u1295 \u134a\u1275 \u1295\u134a\u1275 \u12dd\u1308\u1325\u1219 \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1229 \u12c8\u122b\u12d9\u1275\u2019\u1232 \u12a3\u12ed\u12c8\u1208\u12f1\u1295\u12f6\u1361 \u12a3\u12e8\u2019\u12cd\u1228\u1231\u1295 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1215\u1276 \u12a3\u120d\u12d2\u1209\u1361 \u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u12a5\u1295\u1273\u12ed \u12ed\u1265\u120d \u12a3\u120e \u1293\u1265 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u121a\u12db\u1295 \u12a8\u121d\u122d\u1215\u2019\u12e9 \u12dd\u130d\u1265\u12a6 \u130d\u121d\u1270\u12ed\u1362 \u1295\u1231 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u12d8\u12ed\u12ae\u1290 \u130d\u1295\u1361 \u1215\u121b\u1255 \u1295\u1349\u12d5 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u12c8\u1208\u12f0 \u1270\u1250\u120d\u1270\u1361 \u1295\u1349\u12d5 \u1215\u121b\u1255 \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u12c8\u1208\u12f0 \u1270\u12d8\u121d\u1270\u1361 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1218\u130d\u1208\u133a \u1230\u1265 \u1240\u12f0\u121d \u12a8\u12d8\u12bb\u12bd\u122d \u12ed\u12bd\u12a5\u120d\u2019\u12e9\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u12a5\u12c8\u1361 \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1293\u12ed \u1273\u122a\u12bd \u1275\u1215\u12dd\u1276 \u1293\u12ed \u1218\u1348\u122b\u122d\u1212 \u1275\u122d\u1309\u121d \u1270\u12cb\u1202\u1261\u12ce \u1295\u1290\u1250\u134c\u1273 \u12ab\u1265 \u1240\u1228\u1260 \u130d\u1295\u1361 \u12a3\u1250\u122b\u122d\u1263\u1295 \u12a3\u1218\u122b\u122d\u133b \u1243\u120b\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u1260\u1203\u120d\u1271 \u1265\u12d8\u12e8\u1308\u12f5\u1235 \u1295\u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b\u1295 \u1295\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u1295 \u12dd\u134d\u1295\u1325\u1215 \u12a5\u1349\u134b \u12c8\u12ed \u1293\u12ed \u1213\u130b\u12ed \u1260\u122d\u1242 \u12e8\u1265\u1209\u1295\u1362 \u121d\u1293\u120d\u1263\u1275 \u1218\u120b\u1208\u1235 \u1293\u12ed \u12d8\u1228\u1263 \u1265\u12d3\u12b8\u120b\u12ed \u12a2\u12f5 \u121d\u12cd\u1323\u1325 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u12d8\u12ed\u1270\u1218\u122a\u1339\u1361 \u1205\u1339\u133d \u134d\u1273\u1215 \u12d8\u12f5\u120d\u12ee \u1338\u1308\u121d \u12a8\u121d\u12d8\u1208\u1293 \u1218\u12cb\u12a5\u120d\u1293 \u121d\u1235\u122d\u12ad\u122d \u12a2\u12e9\u1362 \u121b\u1208\u1275\u2019\u1232\u1361 \u1218\u122b\u1215\u1275\u1293 \u12a8\u121d \u1308\u1218\u120d \u12c8\u1322\u1326\u121d \u1218\u12c8\u12f3\u12a5\u1275\u12a1 \u1293\u1265 \u12d8\u12ed\u134d\u1208\u1325 \u12f0\u120d\u1203\u1218\u1275 \u121d\u1235 \u12f0\u122d\u1260\u12e9\u1293\u1361 \u1293\u1265 \u12d5\u12f3\u130b \u1235\u1208 \u12c8\u1228\u12f0 \u12a9\u120b\u120a\u1275\u1293\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u1263\u1215\u122d\u1295 \u12a3\u1265 \u121d\u12f5\u1228 \u1260\u12f3\u1295 \u1235\u1208 \u12dd\u1270\u1260\u1270\u1290 \u122c\u1233\u1273\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12c8\u1308\u1295\u1293\u1361 \u1275\u122d\u1309\u121d \u1235\u12a2\u1293\u1209 \u1295\u1202\u12c8\u1275\u1293\u1361 \u1293\u1260\u12ed \u1308\u133d\u1293 \u12f2\u1293 \u1295\u12b8\u12ed\u12f5 \u12d8\u1208\u1293 \u1295\u121d\u1263\u120d\u2019\u1232 (..part of problem solving process..) … \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 … \u12a3\u12ed\u12ae\u1290\u1295 \u12ab\u120d\u12a5\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u12d8\u1243\u120d\u1211 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1260\u1256\u1209 \u12ab\u1265 \u1218\u1295\u130e\u1293 – \u1243\u1295\u12db\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d \u1215\u121b\u121d \u1270\u120b\u1308\u1265 \u12a8\u1235\u121d\u12d5 \u12a3\u12ed\u130d\u1265\u12a6\u1295 \u1235\u1253\u12ed\u1293\u1362<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c<\/b>\u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295\u1293 \u1213\u1260\u1233\u1275 \u12e8\u1270\u1263\u1209 \u1233\u1263\u12cd\u12eb\u1295\u1362\u201d<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u12be\u12ed\u1291 \u121d\u1293\u120d\u1263\u1275 \u1265\u12db\u12d5\u1263 \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u1325\u120d\u1255 \u12dd\u1260\u1208 \u1295\u1263\u1265 \u12dd\u12f0\u120a \u130d\u12f1\u1235 \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u2019\u120e\u1361 \u12f6\u122d \u12a3\u1265\u122d\u1203 \u1333\u12cd\u120e\u1235\u1361 \u1230\u1228\u1275 \u1273\u122a\u12bd \u1325\u1295\u1273\u12ca\u1275 \u121d\u12f5\u122a \u1263\u1215\u1228\u130b\u1235 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u12a3\u1265 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1218\u133d\u1213\u134e\u121d \u1308\u133d 177\u1361 \u1293\u12ed \u1260\u12ed\u1291 \u121d\u12d5\u122b\u134d \u1218\u12f2\u1266\u1219\u1209 \u12a3\u1208\u12c9\u1362 \u12a8\u121d\u12a1\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u1265\u12a3\u1263 \u130b\u1235\u1353\u122a\u1292 \u12dd\u1270\u133b\u1215\u1348 \u12e8\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u1273\u122a\u12ad \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u12a3\u122d\u12a5\u1235\u1272 \u12d8\u1208\u12ce \u1218\u133d\u1213\u134d \u12a3\u1265 \u1308\u133d 46\u1361 \u201c\u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295\u1293 \u1213\u1260\u1233\u1275 \u12e8\u1270\u1263\u1209 \u1233\u1263\u12cd\u12eb\u1295\u1361 \u12a8\u1348\u1292\u1243\u12cd\u12eb\u1295 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u12a8\u12d5\u1265\u122b\u12ed\u1235\u1325\u1293\u1361 \u12a8\u12d3\u1228\u1266\u127d \u124b\u1295\u124b \u12a8\u12d3\u1228\u1265\u1361 \u12e8\u121a\u12db\u1218\u12f0\u12cd\u1295 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u12ed\u12d8\u12cd \u1218\u1321\u1362 \u12ed\u12b8\u12cd\u121d \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1260\u12d3\u1228\u1265 \u12a3\u1308\u122d \u1233\u1209 \u1233\u1263\u12ca \u124b\u1295\u124b \u12ed\u1263\u120d \u1290\u1260\u122d\u1362 \u12c8\u12f0 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12a8\u1308\u1261 \u1260\u128b\u120b \u130d\u1295 \u12a8\u1325\u1295\u1273\u12ca \u1233\u1263\u12ca \u1218\u1230\u1228\u1271 \u1325\u1242\u1275 \u12e8\u1270\u1208\u12c8\u1320 \u1206\u1296 \u130d\u12d5\u12dd \u1270\u1263\u1208\u1362\u201d \u12ed\u1265\u120d\u1362 \u1235\u1208\u2019\u12da \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1243\u120d \u12d8\u12d8\u12bb\u12bd\u122e \u1293\u12ed \u1273\u122a\u12bd \u1275\u1215\u12dd\u1276 \u12a5\u121d\u1260\u12a3\u122d\u12a8\u1235 \u1265\u12db\u12d5\u1263 \u1293\u12ed \u1213\u1263\u122d \u1228\u125b\u1215\u1295 (special tradition) \u134d\u1209\u12ed \u12dd\u121d\u12f5\u1293\u1295 (special relationship) \u1293\u12ed \u12f0\u1261\u1263\u12ca \u12ad\u134b\u120d \u1215\u1265\u1228\u1270\u1230\u1265 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b\u1295 \u1230\u121c\u1293\u12ca \u12ad\u134b\u120d \u1215\u1265\u1228\u1270\u1230\u1265 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u1295 \u12a2\u12e9 \u1265\u121d\u1263\u120d \u12dd\u1300\u1218\u122d\u12a9\u12ce \u12ad\u1255\u133d\u120d\u1362<\/span><\/p>\n

\u12cd\u12f2\u1275 \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295\u1362<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u12cd\u12f2\u1275 \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295\u12a8 \u12a5\u1295\u1273\u12ed \u121b\u1208\u1275\u2019\u12e9<\/b> \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1270\u1263\u1202\u1209 \u130d\u1295 …. \u12a3\u1265\u2019\u1272 \u1293\u12ed \u1240\u12f0\u121d \u12a3\u1260\u1203\u1205\u120b \u201c\u12cd\u12f2\u1275 \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295\u201d \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u12a3\u12e8\u1228\u12b8\u1265\u12a9\u1295\u1362 \u12a5\u12de\u121d \u1215\u1302 \u12a3\u1265 \u1273\u122a\u12bb\u12ca \u1275\u1215\u12dd\u1276 \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u12dd\u1295\u1325\u120d\u1320\u120d \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u1203\u1230\u1235 \u12ad\u1265\u1209 \u12dd\u134d\u1275\u1291 \u12d8\u1208\u12c9 \u1213\u12f0\u1235\u1272 \u1230\u1263\u1275 \u12f5\u121b \u1295\u1213\u12cb\u1229 \u12a5\u1295\u12f5\u12d2\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u1215\u1302\u1235 \u12ed\u1215\u1218\u1255 \u12ed\u1338\u1265\u1255 \u12a3\u1265 \u120d\u12d5\u120a \u1205\u1209\u12cd \u12a9\u1290\u1273\u1275 \u12a3\u1230\u1229 \u12ad\u1308\u12f5\u134d \u12dd\u12bd\u12a5\u120d \u1275\u1215\u12dd\u1276 \u12d8\u1208\u12ce \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275\u1361 \u12d8\u122a\u12a6\u121d \u12d8\u1265\u1246\u1209 \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295\u1362 \u12ab\u1265 \u1270\u1263\u1205\u1208 \u130d\u1295 \u1293\u12ed\u2019\u12da \u133d\u1211\u134d\u2019\u12da \u12db\u12d5\u1263 \u12ae\u12ed\u1291\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u12ad\u12f5\u1308\u121d\u2019\u12e9\u1362 \u12a8\u1218\u12ed\u2019\u1232 \u1338\u1213\u134b\u12ed \u12a3\u1276 – \u1205\u12f3\u1230 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb – \u12a3\u12dd\u12e9 \u12d8\u1235\u130d\u12a5 \u12dd\u121d\u1263\u1208 \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u1270\u12d3\u12d8\u1261\u1209 \u1265\u1235\u120b\u12d5\u2019\u12ee\u121d \u1270\u1270\u1213\u1212\u12de\u121e\u1362<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1205\u12f3\u1230\u12f6 \u12cd\u12f3\u1230?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

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1) <\/b>\u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b\u1361<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u201cTruly I built a colony and gave it to Italy.\u201d Ferdinando Martini \u201carchitect of modern Eritrea.\u201d<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

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1.2) \u12d3\u1308\u1265<\/b>!<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u1273\u122a\u12bd\u1295 \u1218\u1260\u1246\u120d\u1295 \u1348\u1295\u1322\u1216\u121d\u1361 \u12ab\u1265\u1275\u1295 \u12ab\u1265\u12dd\u1295 \u1246\u122b\u121a\u121e\u121d \u1265\u121d\u1275\u12ab\u1265\u2019\u1232 \u1215\u1265\u1228\u1270\u1230\u1265 \u12ed\u1235\u1295\u12d1\u1362 **As the British former colonial civil servant Gerald Kennedy Trevaskis puts it, \u2018Italy created Eritrea by an act of surgery: by severing its different people from those with whom their past had been linked and by grafting the amputated remains to each other under the title of Eritrea.\u2019 2, 8. (\u201cTruly I built a colony and gave it to Italy.\u201d Ferdinando Martini 1, 54 \u201carchitect of modern Eritrea.\u201d 1, 236) \u12f5\u1215\u122a \u121d\u1263\u120d\u1361 \u12f0\u1240\u12ed \u12a5\u1295\u1273\u12ed \u1308\u1260\u1229 \u12a5\u12de\u121d \u1230\u1263\u1275\u1361 \u12dd\u1213\u1208\u1348\u2019\u1235\u12aa \u12ed\u12a5\u12a8\u120e\u121d\u1362 \u1295\u1213\u12cb\u1229 \u1213\u1262\u122d\u12ab \u121d\u1295\u1263\u122d \u121d\u12a5\u1295\u1272 \u12ad\u1250\u120d\u120e\u121d\u2019\u1232\u1361 \u12a5\u12d8\u1295 \u1325\u120d\u12eb\u1295 \u12dd\u1230\u1348\u12e8\u1295 \u1348\u1275\u120a \u1245\u1295\u1325\u1265 \u1245\u1295\u1325\u1265 \u12a3\u1262\u120d\u12ab\u1361 \u1290\u1293\u1265 \u1218\u1260\u1246\u120e\u121d \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u1270\u1218\u120d\u1231 \u12ed\u1215\u123e\u121d\u1361 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1261\u1233\u1323 \u1219\u1209\u12a5 \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1271 \u1293\u1265 \u1264\u1275 \u133d\u1215\u1348\u1275 \u1215\u1261\u122b\u1275 \u1203\u1308\u122b\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12d3\u1208\u121d \u1208\u12a3\u12b8\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

1.3) \u12cd\u1215\u12e5 \u1213\u130b\u12ed \u12ed\u134d\u1320\u1228\u1209!<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

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1.4) \u12d3\u121a<\/b> \u12dd\u121e\u1270 \u121d\u122b\u12bd \u1348\u1291\u1362<\/b> (\u121d\u1235\u120b)<\/span><\/p>\n

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1.4) <\/b>\u1230\u1295\u1230\u1208\u1275\u1295 \u1218\u1230\u1228\u1275\u1295 \u1215\u130a<\/b> \u12a5\u1295\u12f3\u2019\u1263<\/b>\u1362<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u12a3\u1265 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u12f0\u121e\u12ad\u122b\u1235\u12eb\u12ca \u121d\u12d5\u1263\u1208 \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228 \u1295\u121d\u12dd\u12ab\u122d\u1361 \u12a5\u1272 \u1240\u12f0\u121d \u12ab\u1265 \u1215\u1261\u122b\u1275 \u1203\u1308\u122b\u1275 \u12dd\u1270\u120b\u12a5\u12a8\u1361 \u1218\u133d\u1213\u134d \u1215\u1302 \u121d\u12dd\u12ab\u1229 \u1295\u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u12d8\u122d\u1265\u1215 \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u12be\u12ed\u1291 \u130d\u1295\u1361 \u12dd\u1293\u1348\u1255 \u12e8\u1265\u1209\u1295\u1362 \u1275\u1215\u12dd\u1275\u12a1 \u1295\u12a0\u12cd\u122e\u1333\u1295 \u12a3\u1218\u122a\u12ab\u1295 \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u1228\u1250\u1250\u2019\u12e9 \u1270\u12c3\u1212\u1209 \u1240\u122a\u1261\u1362 \u1235\u1208 \u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u12f5\u121b \u1308\u1208 \u1308\u1208 \u12ab\u1265\u2019\u1276\u121d – \u12f0\u1240\u2019\u1235\u1218\u122b \u12a2\u1293 \u1260\u1203\u120d\u1272 – \u1270\u1228\u134d \u1218\u1228\u134d \u1325\u120d\u12eb\u1295\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u130d\u120a\u12dd\u1295 \u12dd\u12a3\u122b\u1228\u12e9 \u1230\u1265 \u12ab\u121d\u127b\u1295 \u12ad\u122b\u126b\u1273\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u12d8\u12ed\u12ae\u12ed\u1296\u121d\u1361 \u12ab\u120d\u12a5\u1235 \u12ed\u1275\u1228\u134d \u1218\u1265\u12db\u1215\u1275\u12a6\u121d \u12a3\u1263\u120b\u1275 \u1353\u122d\u120b\u121b \u1293\u12ed\u2019\u1272 \u123d\u12d1 \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1272 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b\u2019\u12b3 \u12a8\u1295\u1265\u1265\u12ce\u1295 \u12ad\u122d\u12f5\u12a5\u12ce\u1295 \u12dd\u12bd\u12a5\u1209 \u1275\u1215\u12dd\u1276 \u12a3\u12ed\u1290\u1260\u122e\u1295\u1362 \u201cThe United Nations Resolution on the future of Eritrea constitutes one of the most outstanding and constructive experiments which the United Nations has undertaken throughout the world. UN Commissioner Eduardo Anze Matienzo, October 1951.\u201d (1, 151) \u130d\u12f0 \u1213\u1242 \u130d\u1295 \u12a5\u1276\u121d \u1230\u1265 \u1290\u1338\u120b\u1295 \u1325\u1262\u1246\u1295\u2019\u1232 \u1260\u1272 \u121d\u1235 \u12f0\u1228\u1303 \u121d\u12d5\u1263\u1208 \u12a3\u1265 \u1230\u121c\u1295 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228\u1361 \u12dd\u1230\u122d\u12d6\u121d\u1295 \u12d8\u12db\u121d\u12f6\u121d\u1295 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u1215\u130a \u12a5\u1295\u12f3\u2019\u1263\u2019\u12ee\u121d \u12dd\u1218\u1213\u12f0\u1229 \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1229\u1362 \u121d\u1293\u120d\u1263\u1275 \u1218\u12d8\u12bb\u12b8\u122a \u12c8\u12ed\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u1273\u12ed \u12a2\u12e9 \u1218\u1260\u1246\u1209 \u1203\u1230\u1235 \u1295\u121d\u1263\u120d \u12dd\u1215\u130d\u12dd \u12a5\u1290\u1270\u12be\u12ed\u1291 \u12a8\u12a3\u1361 \u12a5\u12d8\u1295 \u12dd\u1235\u12d5\u1263 \u12ad\u120d\u1270 \u1275\u12d5\u12dd\u1265\u1272 \u12a5\u1235\u12aa \u1213\u1262\u122d\u1293 \u1290\u1235\u1270\u1263\u1205\u1208\u1208\u1295\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u1200) \u201c\u12e8\u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u12a3\u12cd\u122b\u1303\u12ce\u127d \u1325\u1295\u1273\u12ca \u1215\u130e\u127d\u1361- \u1260\u1213\u121b\u1234\u1295\u1361 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u12a3\u1265\u1235\u1209\u1235 \u1308\u1265\u1228 \u12ad\u122d\u1235\u1276\u1235\u1361 \u1260\u1230\u122b\u12e8 – \u1215\u130a \u12a3\u12f5\u12a8\u1218 \u121d\u120d\u130b\u1361 \u1260\u12a3\u12a8\u1208 \u1309\u12db\u12ed \u1361- \u121d\u12d4\u1295 \u1218\u1213\u12db-\u12a3\u12f5\u130d\u1293 \u1308\u1208\u1263\u1361 \u1270\u1265\u1208\u12cd \u12e8\u121a\u1273\u12c8\u1241\u1275 \u1263\u1205\u120b\u12ca \u1215\u130e\u127d \u1260\u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u12e8\u121a\u1296\u1229\u1275\u1295 \u12e8\u12ad\u122d\u1235\u1275\u12eb\u1291\u1295 \u12ad\u134d\u120d \u12a8\u1240\u1228\u12cd \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u130b\u122d \u12a3\u1235\u1270\u1233\u1235\u122e \u12e8\u1246\u12e8\u12cd\u1295 \u130d\u1291\u129d\u1290\u1275 \u12a3\u1260\u12ad\u1228\u12cd \u12eb\u1218\u1208\u12ad\u1273\u1209\u1362\u201d [3, 76]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1208) \u201c\u12a5\u1276\u121d \u1295\u12a3\u1293 \u12dd\u12c8\u1208\u12f1 \u1208\u1263\u121b\u1275 \u12a3\u1266\u1273\u1275\u1293 \u1215\u12dd\u1262 \u1265\u12d8\u12ed \u1218\u1293\u1260\u122a \u1215\u130a \u121d\u1295\u1263\u122d \u12d8\u12ed\u130d\u1263\u12a5 \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u12a3\u1235\u1270\u12cd\u12d2\u120e\u121d \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u121d\u12d4\u121d-\u121d\u1213\u12db \u1262\u120e\u121d \u1230\u121d\u12ee\u121d \u1215\u130a \u12a3\u1256\u1219\u1362 (\u121d\u12d4\u121d-\u121d\u1213\u12db \u121b\u1208\u1275 \u1235\u121d \u12a5\u1271 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u12dd\u1256\u1218\u1209 \u1266\u1273 \u12a2\u12e9\u1362) \u12a5\u12d9 \u1215\u130d\u12d9\u12ed \u1265\u130d\u12dc \u12ad\u1261\u122d \u12f0\u1303\u12dd\u121b\u127d \u1231\u1263\u130b\u12f5\u1235 \u1246\u1218\u1362 [11, 11]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1235\u1208\u2019\u12da \u1265\u1295\u133d\u133d\u122d \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1270\u122b\u12a5\u12e9\u1361 \u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u12a8\u1260\u1233\u1273\u1275 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b\u1361 \u1265\u1263\u1205\u120a (cultures) \u1265\u1293\u12ed \u121d\u121d\u1215\u12f3\u122d \u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab\u12ca \u1218\u120d\u12ad\u12d5 (administrative or political traditions) \u12a8\u121d\u12a1\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u1265\u1293\u12ed \u12a0\u12ae\u1296\u121a \u1218\u1213\u12cd\u122b\u1275 (economic structures) \u121d\u1235 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12dd\u1218\u1233\u1230\u120d \u12ab\u1265 \u12ae\u1290\u1361 \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u1218\u1260\u1246\u120d \u12e8\u122b\u12bd\u1266\u121d\u2019\u1263 \u1294\u1229\u2019\u12e9 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1270\u1263\u1205\u1208 \u12d8\u1235\u130d\u12a5 \u1275\u122d\u1309\u121d \u12dd\u1205\u120d\u12ce \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295\u1362 \u130e\u1295\u12f0\u122d \u12ac\u12f5\u12a9\u121d \u12a5\u1295\u1273\u12ed \u12a3\u121d\u133a\u12a5\u12a9\u121d\u2019\u12b3 \u12dd\u1260\u1203\u120d \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228\u1362 \u1215\u1302\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u1290\u12da \u1205\u12dd\u1262\u2019\u12da \u12ab\u1265 \u1235\u12f0\u1275\u1295 \u1265\u122d\u1230\u1275\u1295 \u12d8\u1293\u130d\u134e \u1218\u134d\u1275\u1212 \u12a3\u1260\u2019\u1270\u12a3\u120b\u120d\u12eb \u1293\u12ed\u2019\u1272 \u133d\u1291\u12d5 \u1293\u12ed \u1263\u1205\u120d\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u1273\u122a\u12bd\u1295 \u1218\u1230\u1228\u1275 \u12d8\u1208\u12ce \u12dd\u121d\u12f5\u1293 \u1293\u12ed \u12ad\u120d\u1272\u12a1 \u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1273\u1275\u2019\u12e9 \u12d8\u120e\u1361 \u1295\u121d\u1263\u120d\u2019\u12e9 \u133b\u12d5\u122d\u1273\u1275 \u12dd\u1240\u120b\u1250\u120d \u12d8\u120e\u1362 \u12a8\u1218\u12ed\u2019\u1232\u1361- <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u1275\u130d\u122b\u12ed \u1275\u130d\u122a\u129a\u1361 \u12a8\u121d \u1260\u12d3\u120d \u121d\u1292\u120a\u12ad \u12dd\u1260\u1209 \u1340\u120b\u12a5\u1272 \u12a5\u12ee\u121d \u121d\u12a5\u1295\u1272 \u1228\u1265\u1210\u12a6\u121d \u12a3\u1265 \u12ad\u120d\u1270 \u12a8\u134a\u120e\u121e \u12a5\u121d\u1260\u122d\u1361 \u1213\u12f0 \u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u12a2\u12e9\u1362….\u1218\u12f3\u1215\u1295\u1271 \u1213\u1295\u1272 \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u12be\u1290\u1275 \u12ad\u1260\u1275\u12a9\u12cb \u12a3\u12ed\u12a8\u12a3\u1209\u1295\u1361 \u1295\u1213\u12cb\u1229\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u12a3\u12ed\u12bd\u12a5\u1209\u1295\u1362\u201d \u12ed\u1265\u1209 \u1218\u121d\u1205\u122d \u1308\u1265\u1228\u12aa\u12f3\u1295 \u12f0\u1235\u1273 \u12a3\u1265 \u1308\u133d [145-147] \u12a5\u121d\u1262\u1273 \u12a3\u1295\u1343\u122d \u12c8\u1228\u122d\u1272 \u12a3\u1265 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1218\u133d\u1213\u134e\u121d\u1362<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1235\u1208\u2019\u12da \u12ad\u1261\u122d \u12a3\u1276 \u1205\u12f3\u1230 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u1361 \u12a5\u12de\u121d \u12a3\u1265 \u1235\u12f0\u1275 \u12dd\u122d\u12a8\u1261 \u12f0\u1242 \u1230\u122b\u12e8 \u12f0\u1242 \u1213\u121b\u1234\u1295 \u12c8\u12ed \u12f0\u1242 \u12a3\u12a8\u1208\u1309\u12db\u12ed\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u1308\u12dd\u12a6\u121d \u121d\u1215\u12f3\u122d \u12a8\u121d \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1270 \u1230\u121b\u12ed \u122d\u1212\u1251\u12ce\u121d \u1235\u1208 \u12d8\u120e\u1361 \u1295\u1308\u1208 \u1308\u1208 \u12ab\u1265 \u121e\u1295\u130e\u12a6\u121d \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u12dd\u1265\u120d\u1361 \u1325\u1260\u1265 \u121d\u1295\u1265\u1263\u122d \u1293\u12ed \u1230\u1265 \u1240\u12f0\u121d\u1361 \u12a8\u121d \u12a3\u134b\u134d\u1296\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f2 \u1218\u1235\u1270\u122d\u1206\u1275 \u1218\u1232\u1209 \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u1270\u122b\u12a5\u12ee\u121d\u2019\u121e \u121d\u1233\u120e\u121d \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1270\u12db\u1228\u1261\u1361 \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u12ad\u1295\u12f0\u12ed \u1290\u1308\u122b\u1275 \u1270\u1213\u120b\u120a\u12b9\u12ce\u121d \u12a8\u121d \u12d8\u120e \u12dd\u1215\u1265\u122d\u2019\u12e9 \u12dd\u1218\u1235\u120d\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d\u1361 \u12a8\u12ed\u12f0\u1240\u1231 \u1218\u12a3\u1235 \u1213\u120a\u121e\u121d\u1362 \u1265\u12bb\u120d\u12a5 \u12a3\u1260\u1203\u1205\u120b\u1361 \u1260\u12d3\u120d \u12c8\u120d\u12f0\u12a3\u1265 \u12c8\u120d\u12f0\u121b\u122d\u12eb\u121d \u12a2\u1233\u12eb\u1235 \u12a3\u1348\u12c8\u122d\u1242 \u1213\u130e\u1235 \u1308\u1265\u1228\u1202\u12c8\u1275 … \u12dd\u1218\u1235\u1209 \u1240\u12e8\u1235\u1272 \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u1293\u12ed\u2019\u12db \u12a3\u1295\u1348\u1273 \u1320\u134a\u12a5\u12cb \u12d8\u120e \u1213\u12f3\u1235 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u1260\u12da\u2019\u1263\u2019\u12ee\u121d \u1260\u122a\u1256\u121d \u121b\u1208\u1276\u121d\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u12a8\u1235\u121d\u12d5 \u12ed\u12bd\u12a5\u120d\u2019\u12e9\u1362 \u121b\u1208\u1275\u2019\u1232 \u12a5\u12de\u121d \u1218\u122b\u1215\u1272 \u12a5\u12da\u12a3\u1276\u121d\u1361 \u12a3\u130b\u12f2\u120e\u121d \u12a3\u130b\u12f2\u120e\u121d \u12a5\u1295\u1273\u12ed \u12a3\u121d\u133a\u12a6\u121d \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u121a\u12db\u1295 \u12a3\u1260\u122d\u12ad\u1276\u12a6\u121d \u1325\u122b\u12ed \u12d8\u12ed\u12ae\u1290\u2019\u1232\u1361 \u12a0\u1228 \u12a5\u1295\u1273\u12ed\u12a8\u2019\u12e9 \u1294\u1229 \u1218\u1295\u1240\u120d\u1295 \u1218\u12d5\u1208\u1265\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1276\u121d\u1361 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1215\u1276\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u12a8\u120d\u12d5\u120d \u12ed\u12bd\u12a5\u120d\u2019\u12e9\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u1295\u1235\u12b9\u121d\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u1218\u12a3\u1235 \u1275\u1235\u1215\u1275\u12ce \u12be\u1295\u12a9\u121d \u12a3\u1276 \u1205\u12f3\u1230\u1362 \u12a5\u12de\u121d \u1218\u122b\u1215\u1272 \u12a5\u12da\u12a3\u1276\u121d \u1265\u1213\u1295\u1272 \u12a5\u12dd\u1295\u1293 \u1325\u122b\u12ed \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u1295\u1230\u121d\u12d5 \u12a3\u130e\u122d\u1292\u12ee\u121d\u1361 \u12ab\u1265 \u12a5\u1295\u12f3 \u1218\u12d3\u1208\u1266\u12a6\u121d \u12ab\u1265 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u121d\u122d\u1213\u1255\u2019\u1232 \u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f2 \u1218\u1235\u1270\u122d\u1206\u1275\u2019\u12e9 \u12a5\u1293\u1260\u1209 \u12dd\u1218\u1203\u1229\u1293 \u12dd\u1348\u1228\u12f1\u1293\u1295 \u12d8\u12f0\u1293\u1308\u1229\u1293\u1295 \u12d8\u12ed\u12a3\u12bd\u1208\u1293\u1362 \u1215\u1302\u2019\u12ae \u1295\u121b\u1215\u1208\u12bb \u1293\u12ed \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1276\u121d \u1260\u1322\u1235\u1293<\/b> \u1265\u12bd\u120d\u1272\u12a1 \u12a3\u12a5\u12db\u1295\u1293 \u12ad\u1295\u1230\u121d\u12d5\u1295 \u1265\u12bd\u120d\u1272\u12a1 \u12d3\u12ed\u1295\u1293 \u12ad\u1295\u122d\u12a5\u1295 \u12a2\u1293 \u1295\u134d\u1275\u1295 \u12d8\u1208\u1293\u1362 \u1235\u1208\u2019\u12da \u12d5\u12ee \u1308\u12db \u1260\u12da\u1211\u1293\u1361 \u121d\u1230\u2019\u1263\u1275 \u1290\u1265\u1235\u1293 \u1215\u1233\u1265 \u12a8\u12ed\u1308\u1260\u122d\u1293\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u1235\u12f0\u1275\u1293\u1295 \u134b\u1215 \u1328\u1295\u1308\u122b\u1215\u1293\u1295 \u121d\u1235 \u12d8\u120e \u1213\u12f2\u123d \u12d3\u1208\u121d \u12a8\u12ed\u1270\u1218\u1233\u1230\u120d\u1293 \u121d\u12a5\u1295\u1272 \u12a8\u12ed\u12d3\u122d\u1260\u1293\u2019\u1232\u1361 \u1260\u1303\u12b9\u121d \u133d\u1261\u1255 \u12a3\u1208\u12b9\u121d \u1308\u12f2\u134d\u12a9\u121d \u12a8\u1218\u2019\u1208\u12b9\u121d \u1260\u1209\u1293\u1362 \u121d\u1293\u120d\u1263\u1275 \u1213\u12f0\u1235\u1272 \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u1295\u121d\u12b9\u1235\u12b3\u1235 \u12a5\u1202\u1295 \u121d\u1202\u1295 \u1295\u121d\u1265\u1205\u1203\u120d \u133d\u1261\u1255 \u134d\u1253\u12f5 \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u2019\u120d\u12e9 \u12f5\u121b\u1361 \u12a3\u1265\u2019\u12db \u12d3\u1208\u121d \u12d5\u12f3\u130b \u1295\u12d3\u12f5\u1295 \u12d3\u12cd\u12f5\u1295 \u12d8\u122d\u1265\u1215 \u1218\u1260\u1203\u1203\u120a \u12d8\u12ed\u1270\u1233\u12a5\u1290\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

1.5) \u12a3\u1270\u12a3\u120b\u120d\u12ed \u12dd\u121d\u12f5\u1293 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b\u1295 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u1295\u1362 <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\"Photo<\/a>
Photo – 1940 Asmara (Eritrea) – Abyssinian court of justice<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

2) \u12a3\u12cd\u12f2\u1255\u12ab \u121d\u1215\u1233\u12ed\u1362<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u1203\u1308\u122b\u1275 \u12a8\u1218\u12ed \u12ed\u1235\u122b\u12d3 \u12c8\u12ed \u12f5\u121b \u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1273\u1275 \u1265\u1213\u1295\u1233\u1265 \u1338\u1292\u1216\u121d \u12a8\u1218\u12ed \u12a2\u120e\u121d \u12ed\u1348\u120b\u1208\u12e9 \u1265\u12d8\u12e8\u1308\u12f5\u1235 \u201c\u12c8\u12eb\u1293\u12ed \u12f0\u121e\u12ad\u122b\u1235\u12eb\u12ca \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275\u201d \u201c\u1275\u1293\u1295\u1275 \u12db\u122c \u12a3\u12ed\u12f0\u1208\u121d\u201d \u12ad\u1265\u120d \u12a5\u1295\u12a8\u120e \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u122e<\/b> \u121d\u1235 \u1320\u1208\u1263\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u1275\u12d5\u133d\u133b\u134d \u1265\u1255\u12d3\u1275 (self-reinvention) \u12dd\u12f5\u1290\u1255\u2019\u12e9\u1362 \u1235\u1208 \u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u12f5\u121b \u12a3\u1265 \u1218\u12f5\u1228\u12bd \u12dd\u1338\u1295\u1216 \u1295\u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1273\u1275 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u1265\u1235\u130d\u12a3\u1275 \u124b\u122a\u1291 \u12f5\u1243\u1235 \u12dd\u12b8\u120d\u12a0\u1361 \u1295\u1308\u12f5\u120a \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u12f5\u121b \u1295\u1215\u1293 \u134d\u1209\u12eb\u1275 \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u12be\u1293 \u1265\u12d8\u12ed\u12ab\u1293 \u1203\u1308\u122d \u12ad\u12be\u1291 \u12a3\u12ed\u12ad\u12a5\u1209\u1295\u2019\u12ee\u121d \u12dd\u1218\u1235\u120d \u1293\u12ed \u1260\u1228\u12bb \u12a3\u1290\u1290\u1275 \u12a3\u12d5\u1322\u1251 \u12d8\u1270\u12d3\u123b\u1238\u12c8 \u12a3\u1228\u12a3\u12a5\u12eb \u121d\u1295\u1245\u1235\u1253\u1235 \u1293\u12ed\u2019\u12db \u12d3\u1208\u121d \u12d5\u12f3\u130b \u1293\u1265 \u12a5\u1295\u12f3 \u130e\u1213\u134d \u1265\u121d\u12f5\u122d\u1263\u12e9 \u12dd\u12f5\u1290\u1255\u2019\u12e9\u1362 \u1265\u1213\u133a\u1229\u2019\u1232 \u1293\u12ed \u12c8\u12eb\u1290 \u2018\u12a2\u12dd\u121d\u2019 \u1295\u1293\u12ed \u1295\u123b\u12d5\u1265\u12eb \u2018\u12a2\u12dd\u121d\u2019 \u1265\u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u12dd\u1308\u12f0\u1348\u1275\u120b \u12e8\u1265\u120b\u1295\u1362 \u12d3\u12f2 \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u12a5\u1275\u12cd\u12d5\u120d \u1215\u1295\u12dd\u134d \u12a3\u1262\u120b\u1273 \u12a2\u12eb\u1362 \u1265\u12f5\u1215\u122a\u2019\u12db \u134d\u133b\u1218 \u12a5\u12da\u12a3 \u12dd\u1250\u1338\u1208\u1275 \u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u12cd\u12f2\u1255\u12ab \u121d\u1215\u1233\u12ed \u130d\u1295 \u121d\u1212\u122d \u1290\u12ca\u1213\u2019\u1232\u1361 \u1290\u1272 \u1293\u12ed \u12d3\u12c8\u1275 \u1275\u122d\u1309\u121d \u12a3\u121d\u122a\u122b\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u120d\u12d5\u120a \u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1295 \u1263\u1205\u120d\u1295 \u1270\u12cd\u122d\u12f6 \u12d8\u120b \u1293\u12ed \u12d3\u12c8\u1275 \u12ad\u1233\u122b \u12a3\u12dd\u12e9 \u12d8\u134d\u122d\u1215\u2019\u12e9\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

2.1) \u1293\u12ed \u12d3\u12c8\u1275 \u12ad\u1233\u122b\u1362<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u1235\u1208 \u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u12f5\u121b \u2018\u12d8\u12ed\u1213\u1230\u1265\u12ab\u12ee \u122d\u12b8\u1265\u1361 \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u122d\u1308\u121d \u12a3\u12ed\u121d\u122d\u1253\u1361 \u12a8\u121d\u12dd\u1260\u1203\u120d \u1293\u12ed\u2019\u12da \u12f3\u1215\u1228\u12cb\u12ed \u12b2\u1293\u1275 \u121b\u1208\u1275\u2019\u1232 \u12a3\u12cd\u12f2\u1255\u12ab \u121d\u1215\u1233\u12ed\u1361 \u1293\u12ed \u12d3\u12c8\u1275 \u12ad\u1233\u122b \u1265\u1250\u120a\u1209 \u12dd\u130d\u1218\u1275 \u12a3\u12ed\u12ae\u1290\u1295\u1362 \u12a9\u1209 \u1295\u121d\u122d\u12a3\u12ed \u121d\u1255\u1293\u12ed \u1325\u122b\u12ed\u1362 \u12a8\u1218\u12ed\u2019\u1232 \u1265\u1238\u1290\u12bd \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u1215\u1302 \u12dd\u1270\u122b\u12a5\u12e8 \u12cd\u133d\u12a2\u1271 \u1265\u12d9\u1215 \u12d8\u121b\u1275\u12a5 \u12a3\u12ed\u12ae\u1290\u1295\u1362 \u1348\u1208\u1235\u1275\u1295 \u1273\u1266\u1275\u1295 – \u130d\u12a5\u12dd\u1295 \u1218\u133b\u1215\u134d\u1275\u1295 – \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u12dd\u1295\u1240\u1209 \u12d3\u12f5\u1295 \u12d3\u12cd\u12f5\u1295\u2019\u12e9 \u12dd\u1348\u1293\u1325\u1215 \u12d8\u120e\u1362 \u1265\u1238\u1290\u12bd \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12f5\u121b \u1270\u12d3\u12ca\u1270 \u12a5\u1293\u1260\u120d\u12ab \u12a3\u1265 \u1205\u120d\u12bd \u121d\u1295\u1263\u122d \u12ab\u1265 \u1218\u1320\u1295 \u1295\u120b\u12d5\u120a \u1290\u12ca\u1211\u1361 \u1295\u121d\u12a5\u122b\u1219 \u12d8\u1338\u130d\u121d \u1213\u12f2\u123d \u12a9\u1290\u1273\u1275 \u12ed\u12d5\u12f5\u121d \u12a3\u120e\u2019\u121e\u1361 \u121d\u1235 \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u12dd\u1270\u12d3\u133b\u1338\u134d \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u12e8\u12f5\u120a\u2019\u120e \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u1260\u120d\u12a9\u1361 \u12a3\u1276 \u1205\u12f3\u1230 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u1361 \u12a3\u12ed\u1260\u12dd\u1215\u1295\u12f6? \u12a3\u134b\u1292\u1293\u12ab \u12a2\u1293\u2019\u12ae\u1362<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1215\u1302\u12b8 \u12a5\u1295\u1273\u12ed \u12ad\u1275\u12f0\u130d\u121d \u12f0\u120a\u12bb \u12a2\u12bb \u12a8\u1218\u2019\u12d3\u120d\u12a9\u121d \u1270\u1265\u12dd\u1215 \u12d8\u1208\u12bb \u12dd\u1265\u1209\u1292 \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295\u1362 \u12a8\u1218\u12ed\u2019\u1232 \u1293\u12ed\u2019\u12da \u12d3\u12c8\u1275\u2019\u12da \u12a3\u1270\u12a3\u120b\u120d\u12eb \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u1215\u1302 \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u1338\u1295\u1216 \u12dd\u1255\u133d\u120d \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u12be\u12ed\u1291\u1361 \u121d\u121d\u1325\u1323\u1295 \u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1295 \u1263\u1205\u120d\u1295 \u1308\u120b\u1262\u1321\u1361 \u12a8\u1262\u12f5 \u1348\u1270\u1293 \u12d8\u1235\u12d5\u1265\u2019\u12e9 \u12dd\u1218\u1235\u120d \u1295\u1213\u12cb\u1229\u1362 \u12ab\u1265\u2019\u12da \u1235\u130d\u12a3\u1275\u2019\u12da \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1270\u1290\u1252\u1209\u2019\u121e\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u12d1\u1293\u1273\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u1218\u12f3\u1215\u1295\u1272 \u1270\u1250\u1262\u1229 \u12a8\u12ed\u1205\u1209 \u1203\u1230\u1235 \u121d\u1263\u120d \u1295\u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u12e8\u122d\u1265\u1215 \u12ed\u12b8\u12cd\u1295\u2019\u12e9 \u12dd\u1265\u1209 \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u1265\u120d\u132d \u1265\u120d\u132d \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u1260\u1209\u1361 \u12d8\u1205\u122d\u134d \u12c8\u12ed \u12f5\u121b \u12d8\u134d\u122d\u1215 \u1218\u12a3\u1235 \u12ae\u12ed\u1291\u1362 \u130d\u12f0 \u1213\u1242 \u130d\u1295 \u12ab\u1265\u2019\u12da \u121d\u1235 \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u1233\u12d5\u122a\u1229 \u12d8\u120e \u12dd\u134d\u1208 \u12a3\u121b\u122b\u133a \u12a3\u1270\u12a3\u120b\u120d\u12eb \u1218\u133b\u12a2 \u12d5\u12f5\u120d \u12e8\u12f5\u120a \u12a8\u121d \u12d8\u120e \u12d8\u1218\u120d\u12ad\u1275\u2019\u12e9\u1362 \u1235\u1208\u2019\u12da \u1263\u1205\u120d\u1295 \u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1295 \u1295\u121d\u12d5\u1243\u1265\u1361 \u1265\u12db\u12d5\u1263 \u1293\u12ed \u123b\u12d5\u1265\u12eb \u123d\u134d\u1275\u1290\u1275 \u12c8\u12ed \u12f5\u121b \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122b \u1275\u121d\u12ad\u1215\u1270\u129b\u1290\u1275 \u12dd\u133d\u1265\u133d\u1265\u2019\u121e\u1361 \u1295\u1218\u12cb\u12a5\u120d \u12dd\u1270\u12c8\u122d\u12d8\u12e8\u1209 \u1218\u12bb\u1295 \u12a3\u1228\u12a3\u12a5\u12eb \u121d\u1295\u1245\u1235\u1253\u1235 \u1293\u12ed\u2019\u12db \u12d3\u1208\u121d \u12d5\u12f3\u130b \u1295\u121d\u1255\u12eb\u122d \u12d8\u120e \u12a3\u121b\u122b\u133a \u121d\u1235 \u130d\u12dc \u121d\u12a5\u1295\u1272 \u12a8\u12ed\u1260\u1295\u1295\u1361 \u12ab\u1265 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12aa\u1290\u12c9\u2019\u12da \u1230\u134a\u1291 \u12d8\u120e \u12a3\u1228\u12a3\u12a5\u12eb \u121d\u1295\u1245\u1235\u1253\u1235 \u1293\u12ed\u2019\u12db \u12d3\u1208\u121d \u12d5\u12f3\u130b \u12dd\u1235\u1309\u121d \u1213\u12f2\u123d \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u12e8\u12f5\u120a\u2019\u120e\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

2.2)<\/strong> \u1205\u12f3\u1230 \u130d\u12f5\u1265\u1362<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u12c8\u12eb\u1293\u12ed \u12f0\u121e\u12ad\u122b\u1235\u12eb\u12ca \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275\u201d \u1295\u1229\u1263 \u12a3\u1263\u12ed \u12a3\u1265 \u1205\u1295\u1338\u1275 \u1203\u1308\u122d\u1295 \u1243\u120d\u1232 \u12a3\u1295\u133b\u122d \u12f5\u12bd\u1290\u1275\u1295 \u12dd\u1338\u121d\u12f5 \u1218\u12f0\u1265 \u12a3\u1265 \u130d\u1265\u122a \u1265\u121d\u12cd\u12d3\u1209\u1361 \u130d\u1265\u133b\u12cd\u12eb\u1295 \u1265\u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u12a3\u1262\u120e\u121d \u1295\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12dd\u1265\u133d\u1265\u1339\u1209 \u12a3\u1228\u12a3\u12a5\u12eb \u121d\u1295\u1245\u1235\u1253\u1235 \u1293\u12ed\u2019\u12db \u12d3\u1208\u121d \u12d5\u12f3\u130b \u1295\u121d\u1265\u122d\u12d3\u1295\u1361 \u12ab\u1265 \u133b\u12d5\u122d\u1273\u1275 \u12d8\u12cd\u12f5\u1295 \u12f0\u122d\u130d\u1295 \u12dd\u1270\u12b8\u12c8\u1208\u1275 (historical blind spot) \u12a3\u1270\u12a3\u120b\u120d\u12eb \u1218\u133b\u12a2 \u12d5\u12f5\u120d \u121d\u1205\u1295\u12f3\u1231 \u12a3\u1308\u1293\u12d5 \u12dd\u130d\u1265\u12a6 \u12a2\u12e9\u1362 \u1265\u12d8\u12ed \u121d\u130d\u1293\u1295 \u12a5\u12da \u12a3\u12dd\u12e9 \u12dd\u12f5\u1290\u1255 \u1235\u1309\u121d\u1272\u2019\u12da \u12a3\u1265 \u12de\u1263 \u1240\u122d\u1292 \u12a3\u134d\u122a\u1243 \u1325\u122b\u12ed \u12d8\u12ed\u12ae\u1290\u1361 \u12ab\u1265 \u1230\u121c\u1295 \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u12f0\u1261\u1265 \u12a3\u134d\u122a\u1243 \u12d8\u1235\u122d\u133e \u1293\u12ed \u1208\u12cd\u1322 \u1218\u1320\u1295 \u1265\u1250\u120a\u1209 \u12dd\u130d\u1218\u1275 \u12a3\u12ed\u12ae\u1290\u1295\u1362 \u1265\u12a0\u12ae\u1296\u121a \u12ed\u12b9\u1295 \u1265\u12c8\u1270\u1203\u12f0\u122b\u12ca \u12a8\u121d\u12a1\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u1265\u12f2\u1355\u120e\u121b\u1232\u12eb\u12ca \u1218\u1208\u12ad\u12d2\u1273\u1275 \u12a3\u1265 \u1273\u122a\u12bd \u1231\u122d \u1230\u12f2\u12f1 \u12dd\u1338\u1295\u1210 \u121a\u12db\u1295 \u1213\u12ed\u120d\u1273\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u1203\u1308\u122b\u1275 \u12a3\u134d\u122a\u1243 \u12dd\u1308\u120b\u1265\u1325\u2019\u12e9\u1362 \u12ed\u1218\u120d\u12a3\u12ee \u1325\u122b\u12ed\u1362 \u1235\u1208 \u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u12f5\u121b\u1361 \u12a5\u12da \u1235\u1309\u121d\u1272\u2019\u12da \u12dd\u1250\u12e8\u1236 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u12d5\u1263\u1208 \u1309\u12d5\u12de \u1265\u1293\u1205\u122a \u121d\u12a5\u1295\u1272 \u12ad\u1255\u133d\u120d \u1325\u122b\u12ed\u2019\u12b3\u1361 \u1295\u122d\u1265\u12d2 \u12d8\u1218\u1295 \u12dd\u1270\u1348\u1270\u1290 \u12a3\u12cd\u12f2\u1255\u12ab \u121d\u1215\u1233\u12ed \u134d\u1228 \u12ad\u1205\u1265 \u12a3\u12ed\u1270\u122b\u12a5\u12e8\u1295 \u1265\u121d\u1263\u120d\u1361<\/span><\/p>\n

\u12ab\u1265 \u1205\u120d\u12bd \u121d\u122d\u1213\u1255 \u1293\u12ed \u12dd\u1270\u12d3\u12c8\u1271\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d \u1293\u12ed \u12dd\u1270\u1233\u12d5\u1229 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1218\u12a3\u1235 \u12ae\u12ed\u1291\u1362 \u12ad\u121d\u1265\u120d \u1260\u1208\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d \u12a3\u12ed\u1270\u12bb\u12d5\u12c8\u1295 \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u1260\u1203\u120d \u12f5\u121b \u1215\u1302\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u121d\u1235 \u1320\u1208\u1263\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u121d\u1275\u12d5\u133d\u133b\u134d \u12dd\u121d\u1228\u133d \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u12be\u12ed\u1291\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u120d\u1262 \u1293\u12ed \u1265\u12d9\u1213\u1275 \u12db\u130a\u1275 \u12d8\u12ed\u1270\u122b\u12a5\u12e8 \u1265\u122d\u1203\u1295 \u12ad\u12cd\u120d\u12d5 \u12ed\u12bd\u12a5\u120d\u2019\u12e9\u1362 \u1265\u134d\u120b\u12ed \u12dd\u121d\u12f5\u1293 \u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1273\u1275 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b\u1295 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u1295\u1361 \u1265\u1263\u1205\u120d\u1295 \u1265\u1293\u12ed \u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u12f2\u1355\u120e\u121b\u1232\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1270\u12a3\u120d\u12e9\u1361 \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u12ad\u1295\u12f0\u12ed \u12a8\u12f5\u121d\u12d5 \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u12bd\u12a5\u120d\u1361 \u1245\u12f5\u121a \u121d\u1265\u122b\u12d5 \u12b2\u1293\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u1263\u12f5\u1218 \u12ab\u1265 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u1293\u1265 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12dd\u12cd\u1215\u12dd \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228 \u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u121d\u12dd\u12ab\u122d \u122d\u1321\u1265 \u121d\u1235\u12ad\u122d\u2019\u12e9\u1362 \u1235\u1208\u2019\u12da \u12f5\u121b\u2019\u12e9 \u12a3\u1265\u2019\u1272 \u123d\u12d1 \u12a5\u12cb\u1295\u1361 \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u1215\u1302 \u1230\u120b\u121d \u12a3\u1235\u134a\u1295\u1293\u1361 \u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1273\u1275 \u12a3\u1240\u122b\u122a\u1265\u1293 \u12a3\u1208\u1293\u1362 \u1295\u1218\u133b\u12a2 \u12f5\u121b \u12a3\u122d\u1212\u1255\u1293 \u1295\u122d\u12a5\u12ee \u12d5\u120b\u121b \u12a3\u1208\u1293 \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u121d\u1263\u120d \u1270\u1260\u133a\u1211 \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPeople are policies.\u201d \u12ed\u1265\u1209 \u1348\u1228\u1295\u1302\u1362<\/span><\/p>\n

2.3) \u1263\u12f5\u1218 \u1293\u12ed \u1218\u1295\u2019\u12eb?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2018\u12c8\u12eb\u1293\u12ed \u12f2\u121e\u12ad\u122b\u1235\u12eb\u12ca \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275\u2019 \u1263\u12f5\u1218 \u1293\u12ed \u1218\u1295 \u121d\u12c3\u1293 \u12a3\u1265 \u12d8\u133b\u122a \u1293\u12ed \u1300\u12a6\u130d\u122b\u134a \u1215\u1276 \u1265\u12dd\u1218\u1235\u120d \u1293\u12ed \u1218\u1233\u1271 \u1218\u12d3\u1265\u12ed\u1272 \u1218\u121b\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u12a8\u121d\u12a1\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u1265\u1235\u130b\u1295 \u1265\u1218\u1295\u1348\u1235\u1295 \u1270\u12db\u1218\u12f5\u1272\u1361 \u1293\u12ed \u12dd\u1293 \u1245\u12f5\u12f5\u121d\u1361 \u12c8\u12ed \u12f5\u121b \u12a3\u1290\u12f6 \u1295\u1235\u12bb \u1295\u1218\u120d\u12bd \u12dd\u1218\u1235\u120d \u12b2\u1293\u1275 \u1308\u1322\u1219\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u120d\u12d5\u120a \u1218\u12c8\u12f3\u12f5\u122d\u1271 \u1265\u12c8\u1270\u1203\u12f0\u122b\u12ca \u12a0\u12ae\u1296\u121d\u12eb\u12ca \u12a8\u121d\u12a1\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab\u12ca \u1218\u12f3\u12ed \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u1270\u12d3\u12c8\u1270 \u1230\u1265\u1295 \u12a5\u12dd\u130d\u1295 \u1218\u1230\u12bb\u12bd\u122d \u12a5\u12ee\u121d\u1362 \u12ed\u12b9\u1295 \u12f0\u12a3\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d\u1361 \u1293\u12ed \u12d3\u12c8\u1271 \u12cd\u133d\u12a2\u1275 \u12a3\u1265 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u12dd\u1348\u1320\u122e \u1293\u12ed \u1218\u122a\u1215\u1290\u1275\u1361 \u1293\u12ed \u1203\u1265\u1272 \u12ed\u12b9\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u1213\u12ed\u120a \u12ad\u134d\u1270\u1275 (vacuum) \u12a3\u1265 \u130d\u121d\u1271 \u12a8\u12e8\u12a5\u1270\u12c8\u1361 \u121d\u1235\u2019\u1272 \u12dd\u1230\u12d3\u122e \u1218\u130b\u1325\u121d\u1271\u1361 \u12b2\u1293\u1275 \u1265\u12d8\u12ed \u12b2\u1293\u1275 \u12a3\u12ca\u1301<\/b> \u1295\u122d\u1265\u12d2 \u12d8\u1218\u1295 \u12a3\u1265 \u1205\u120d\u12bd \u12ad\u1255\u133d\u120d\u2019\u12e9 \u1218\u122a\u1339\u1362 \u12a5\u12da \u121d\u122d\u132b\u2019\u12da \u121d\u1293\u120d\u1263\u1275 \u134d\u122d\u1203\u1275\u1295 \u1235\u130d\u12a3\u1275\u1295 \u1295\u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u12ed\u1325\u122d\u1295\u134d\u2019\u12e9 \u1270\u1263\u1202\u1209 \u12ad\u121d\u12bd\u1290\u12e8\u1209 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u12d8\u12ed\u12ae\u12ed\u1291\u1361 \u12a5\u1293\u1213\u12f0\u1228 \u12d8\u130d\u1205\u12f6 \u12d8\u120e \u1293\u12ed \u12d3\u12c8\u1275 \u12ad\u1233\u122b \u1265\u1250\u120a\u1209 \u12dd\u130d\u1218\u1275 \u12a3\u12ed\u12ae\u1290\u1295\u1362 \u12a8\u1218\u12ed\u2019\u1232 \u12a3\u1265 \u1218\u1295\u130e \u1218\u1293\u1265\u122d\u1272 \u1265\u12d5\u1295\u12c8\u1275 \u12dd\u130d\u1208\u133d \u1293\u12ed \u12d3\u12c8\u1275 \u12d3\u12ed\u1290\u1275 \u1295\u122d\u1265\u12d2 \u12d8\u1218\u1295 \u121d\u1295\u1265\u12f5\u1263\u12f5 \u121b\u1208\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u130e\u1228\u1264\u1275 \u1205\u12f5\u121e \u1265\u1213\u12ca \u12a5\u1295\u12ad\u1243\u1338\u120d \u12a3\u1265 \u12dd\u1263\u1295 \u1293\u1215\u1232 \u1293\u12ed \u1308\u12db\u12bb \u12f0\u12ed\u1265\u12ab \u121d\u1235 \u121d\u12d5\u12db\u1265 \u12dd\u1218\u1233\u1230\u120d\u2019\u12e9 \u12a8\u121d \u122d\u12a2\u1276\u12ed\u1362 \u12ab\u120d\u12a5\u1235 \u12ed\u1275\u1228\u134d \u12a8\u120d\u1265\u12bb\u2019\u12b3 \u1308\u12db \u12d3\u133a\u12bb \u12d8\u12ed\u1275\u1255\u1325\u1245\u1326\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u12a3\u1276 \u1205\u12f3\u1230 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u121d\u1235 \u1215\u12f1\u122d \u122d\u12a2\u1276\u12a6\u121d \u12dd\u1218\u12d3\u122b\u1228 \u1213\u12f2\u123d \u1213\u1260\u122c\u1273 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u12d8\u12ed\u1290\u133a\u130e\u121d\u1361 \u12f5\u122e\u2019\u12b3 \u12c8\u12eb\u1293\u12ed \u12f4\u121e\u12ad\u122b\u1235\u12eb\u12ca \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275 \u12a3\u1265 \u12b2\u1293\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u1263\u12f5\u1218 \u12d8\u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1266 \u12d3\u12c8\u1275 \u12a8\u121d\u2019\u1272 \u1275\u133d\u1262\u1275 \u12dd\u1270\u1308\u1265\u1228\u1209 \u12cd\u133d\u12a2\u1275 \u12a3\u12ed\u1203\u1260\u1295\u1362 \u1265\u12a3\u1295\u133b\u1229 \u12a5\u12b3 \u12f0\u12a3 \u1293\u12ed \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u12a9\u1290\u1273\u1275 \u1295\u1293\u12ed \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u1338\u1325\u1273 \u1293\u1265 \u12d8\u1235\u130d\u12a3\u1209 \u12f0\u1228\u1303 \u1308\u1339 \u12ed\u1240\u122b\u1228\u1265 \u12a3\u120e\u1361 \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u121d\u1263\u120d \u1235\u130d\u12a3\u1276\u121d \u12d8\u1230\u121d\u12d1 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u12cd\u12eb\u1295 \u121d\u1201\u122b\u1275\u1295 \u12d3\u1260\u12ed\u1272 \u12d3\u12f5\u1295 \u1293\u1265 \u1218\u12f5\u1228\u12bd \u12ed\u1255\u120d\u1240\u1209 \u12a3\u1208\u12c9\u1362 \u1235\u1208\u2019\u12da \u1263\u12f5\u1218 \u1293\u12ed \u1218\u1295\u2019\u12eb \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1215\u1276 \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u1235\u1208 \u12dd\u1228\u1235\u12d3\u1276\u1361 \u1213\u12f2\u123d \u1218\u12d3\u120d\u1272 \u12cd\u12d5\u120a\u12ab \u1213\u12f2\u123d \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u1212\u12dd\u12ab\u2019\u12e9 \u1308\u12db \u12dd\u12a5\u1276 \u1295\u121d\u1263\u120d\u2019\u12e9 \u133b\u12d5\u1228\u12ed\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

2.4) \u121d\u134d\u122b\u1235 \u1293\u12ed \u1260\u122d\u120a\u1295 \u1218\u1295\u12f0\u1255\u1362<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u1338\u1213\u134b\u12ed \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u1295\u12dd\u1265\u120d\u12ce\u121d \u1230\u1263\u1275 \u12c8\u12ed \u12f5\u121b \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u1295\u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u1275\u130d\u122b\u12ed \u1228\u1265\u1213 \u12a8\u121d \u12d8\u12ed\u1265\u120e\u121d \u1265\u1293\u12ed \u1273\u122a\u12bd \u12a3\u1265\u1290\u1275 \u1295\u12b8\u122d\u1275\u12d1\u1361 \u12f5\u1215\u122a \u121d\u134d\u122b\u1235 \u1218\u1295\u12f0\u1255 \u1260\u122d\u120a\u1295 \u12dd\u1270\u130b\u1205\u12f0 \u121d\u1275\u1215\u12cd\u12cb\u1235 \u1293\u12ed \u1300\u122d\u1218\u1293\u12cd\u12eb\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u12f5\u12bb\u1295 \u1203\u1265\u1273\u121d\u1295\u1361 \u121d\u1201\u1229\u122d\u1295 \u12f0\u1295\u1246\u122e\u1295\u1361 \u121d\u12d5\u1261\u120d\u1295 \u12f5\u1211\u1229\u1295 \u12d8\u12ed\u121d\u1325\u12d5\u12d3\u121d \u12d8\u1235\u12d3\u1266 \u1245\u120d\u12cd\u120b\u12cd\u1361 \u12dd\u1348\u120d\u1326 \u12a3\u1208\u1292\u2019\u121e \u133d\u1295 \u12a2\u120d\u12a9\u121d \u1235\u121d\u12d1\u1292 \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u121d\u1263\u120d \u12ed\u1218\u1323\u1320\u1229\u1362<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u1265\u133d\u1261\u1255 \u130d\u1265\u122e\u121d \u1295\u120d\u1262 \u1338\u120b\u12a5\u1276\u121d \u12a8\u12ed\u1270\u1228\u1348\u2019\u12ee\u121d \u12ab\u1265 \u122d\u1211\u1255 \u1270\u1256\u133b\u133a\u122e\u121d\u1361 \u1290\u1272 \u12cd\u12f2\u1275 \u1235\u12d2\u122e\u121e\u1362 \u201cThey declared that Germans, broadly defined, had rights of citizenship in the new state, which means as a practical matter that any German who could reach FRG soil had the right to a passport and social services almost immediately, rather than having to go through lengthy asylum or emigration application procedures.\u201d [4, 6]<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u12ab\u120d\u12a5 \u1295\u121d\u1263\u120d \u12d8\u12ed\u12ae\u1290\u2019\u1232\u1361 \u1293\u12ed \u1215\u1261\u122b\u1275 \u1203\u1308\u122b\u1275 \u1275\u12b3\u1266 \u12ad\u1255\u1208\u1261 \u12a3\u1265 \u1218\u12d3\u1251\u1266 \u1235\u12f0\u1270\u129b\u1273\u1275 \u1270\u1213\u133a\u122e\u121d \u1270\u1235\u134b \u12ab\u1265 \u12dd\u1256\u122d\u1339\u2019\u1232\u1361 \u1230\u122a\u1216\u121d \u121d\u12a5\u1295\u1272 \u12ad\u1290\u1265\u1229 \u121d\u1235 \u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u1270\u1218\u1233\u1232\u120e\u121d \u121d\u12a5\u1295\u1272 \u12ad\u1290\u1265\u1229\u1361 \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u130e\u1295\u12f0\u122d\u1295 \u1238\u12cb\u1295 …. \u12c8\u1208\u130b\u1295 \u12a8\u134b\u1295 … \u12a3\u1229\u1232\u1295 \u1213\u1228\u122d\u1295 … \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1270\u1348\u1255\u12f0\u120e\u121d \u12a3\u1265 \u120d\u12d5\u120a \u120d\u12a1\u120b\u12cd\u1290\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12ed\u12b9\u1295 \u12a3\u1265 \u120d\u12d5\u120a \u1228\u1265\u1213 \u1293\u12ed \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u12cd\u12eb\u1295 \u12ad\u1233\u122b \u12dd\u1205\u120d\u12ce \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295\u1362 \u121d\u1293\u120d\u1263\u1275 \u1265\u12d8\u12ed\u12ab \u1275\u130d\u122b\u12ed \u12ab\u120d\u12a6\u1275 \u12ad\u120d\u120b\u1275\u1361 \u1235\u12f0\u1270\u129b\u1273\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u12a3\u12ed\u1295\u1255\u1260\u120d\u1295 \u12a2\u1293 \u1235\u1208 \u12dd\u1260\u120b\u2019\u12e9 \u12dd\u1260\u1203\u120d\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295\u1362 \u1265\u1213\u133a\u1229 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b\u12ca \u1235\u12f0\u1270\u129b \u12a3\u1265 \u12ab\u121d\u1355 \u121d\u12d5\u124b\u1265\u2019\u1232 \u12a3\u1265 \u1231\u12f3\u1295 \u1295\u120d\u12d5\u120a \u134d\u122d\u1242 \u12d8\u1218\u1295 \u1270\u12bb\u12ed\u12f1\u1361 \u1215\u1302 \u12f5\u121b \u1293\u1265 \u12a8\u1295\u12eb \u12a1\u130b\u1295\u12f3 \u12f0\u1260\u1265 \u1231\u12f3\u1295 …. \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u12a3\u1295\u130e\u120b\u1295 \u12f0\u1261\u1265 \u12a3\u134d\u122a\u1243\u1295 \u1270\u1263\u133a\u1211\u2019\u120e\u1362 \u12a5\u1272 \u12dd\u1308\u122d\u121d \u12ab\u1265\u2019\u12d8\u1295 \u1203\u1308\u122b\u1275 \u12a5\u12da\u12a3\u1270\u1295 \u12a3\u1265 \u1308\u1208 \u1308\u120a\u12a0\u1295 \u1295\u12dd\u12d3\u1208\u1261 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b\u12cd\u12eb\u1295 \u12dd\u134d\u1240\u12f0\u120e\u121d \u1293\u12ed \u1293\u1265\u122b \u12d3\u12ed\u1290\u1275 \u121d\u1235 \u1293\u12ed\u2019\u1276\u121d \u12dc\u130b\u1273\u1275 \u12dd\u121d\u1325\u1295\u2019\u12b3 \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u12be\u1290\u1361 \u1263\u1205\u120d\u1295 \u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1295 \u12ab\u1265 \u121d\u1265\u122b\u1235 \u130d\u1295 \u12a3\u12ed\u12a8\u120b\u12b8\u120d\u1295\u2019\u12e9\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

3.1) \u121d\u1235\u1293\u134d\u2019\u12b3 \u12a3\u12ed\u1270\u1230\u1290\u134d\u1293\u1295 \u12a3\u120b\u123d \u130d\u1295 \u1295\u1265\u120d \u12a3\u1208\u1293\u1362<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u1213\u1242\u2019\u121e \u1295\u12db\u1228\u1265 \u12a3\u1276 \u1205\u12f3\u1230\u1361 \u1263\u12f5\u1218 \u1293\u12ed \u1218\u1295\u2019\u12eb \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1215\u1276 \u1218\u12a3\u1235 \u12ae\u12ed\u1291 \u1218\u120d\u1232 \u1235\u12a2\u1291 \u12d8\u120e\u1362 \u12b2\u1293\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u1263\u12f5\u1218 \u1270\u12c8\u120a\u12d1 \u121d\u12d5\u122b\u134d \u1213\u12f0 … \u12ad\u120d\u1270 \u12ad\u1265\u120d \u12a5\u1290\u12ad\u120e\u2019\u1232 USAID \u12a3\u1265\u2019\u1272 \u12a5\u12cb\u1295\u2019\u1272 \u12a3\u1265 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u1295\u12dd\u1270\u12b8\u1235\u1270 \u12f5\u122d\u1242 \u12dd\u12b8\u12cd\u1295 \u12a5\u12bd\u120a \u1228\u12f5\u12a4\u1275 \u1265\u12d3\u1230\u1265 \u1295\u121d\u1215\u120b\u134d \u12a3\u121d\u1232\u1209 \u12a9\u1290\u1273\u1275 \u1293\u1265 \u1230\u120b\u121d \u1308\u1339 \u12d8\u12f5\u1205\u1260\u1209 \u121d\u12bd\u1295\u12eb\u1275 \u12ad\u1348\u1325\u122d \u1348\u1272\u1291 \u1294\u1229\u1362 \u1348\u1270\u1295\u12a1 \u12f5\u121b \u120d\u12a1\u12b9 \u1293\u1265 \u12a3\u1235\u1218\u122b \u1230\u12f2\u12f1 \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u1300\u1218\u122e \u1275\u122d\u1235\u12d5\u12ce \u12a3\u12ed\u1265\u120d\u1295 \u12a3\u1290\u1362 \u12a5\u1272 \u123d\u12d1 \u12dd\u1270\u1295\u1338\u1263\u1228\u1250 \u134d\u120d\u120d\u12ed \u1215\u1302 \u1295\u121d\u12dd\u12ab\u1229 \u12dd\u12a3\u12ad\u120d\u1361 \u12ab\u1265 \u12a3\u1235\u1218\u122b \u12dd\u1270\u1230\u121d\u12d0 \u1218\u120d\u1232\u1361 \u201c\u1308\u1208\u120d \u12a3\u1209 \u12a5\u1295\u1302 \u12a3\u120d\u1238\u1239\u121d\u201d \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u121d\u1235\u120b \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122d\u129b \u12d8\u12d8\u12bb\u12bd\u122d\u2019\u12e9\u1362 \u1260\u1272 \u1293\u12ed \u123d\u12d1 \u12a3\u1260\u1203\u1205\u120b \u1295\u121d\u12dd\u12ab\u1229 \u12dd\u12a3\u12ad\u120d \u130d\u1295\u1361 \u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u1265\u1325\u121c\u1275 \u12ad\u1218\u12cd\u1275 \u1235\u1208 \u12d8\u12ed\u1295\u12f0\u120a \u12a5\u1272 \u12a5\u12bd\u120a \u1228\u12f5\u12a4\u1275 \u1265\u12d3\u1230\u1265 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1213\u1208\u1348 \u12a3\u12ed\u1295\u1243\u12c8\u121d\u1295 \u12a2\u1293 \u12dd\u1218\u1235\u120d \u1240\u1208\u121d \u12dd\u1270\u1250\u1265\u12a0 \u12ae\u12ed\u1291\u1361 \u121d\u1235\u1293\u134d\u2019\u12b3 \u12a3\u12ed\u1270\u1230\u1295\u134d\u1293\u1295\u1361 \u12a3\u120b\u123d \u130d\u1295 \u1295\u1265\u120d \u12a3\u1208\u1293 \u12dd\u1218\u1235\u120d\u2019\u12e9 \u1294\u1229\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u1265\u1238\u1290\u12bd \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12dd\u1270\u12cb\u1205\u1260 \u1218\u120d\u1232 \u130d\u1295\u1361 \u12a5\u1272 \u12dd\u1270\u1263\u1205\u1208 \u1293\u12ed \u1228\u12f5\u12a4\u1275 \u12a5\u12bd\u120a \u1265\u12d3\u1230\u1265 \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u1213\u120a\u1349 \u123b\u12d5\u1265\u12eb \u12ad\u1295\u12f5\u2019\u12da \u121a\u120d\u12ee\u1295 \u12f6\u120b\u122d \u12ad\u1228\u12bd\u1261 \u12a5\u12ee\u121d\u1362 \u12a8\u121d\u12a1 \u12dd\u1218\u1235\u120d \u1228\u1265\u1213 \u121d\u12a5\u1295\u1272 \u12a8\u12ed\u1228\u12bd\u1261 \u12a5\u1295\u12f3 \u123b\u12d5\u1265\u12eb \u12a5\u1272 \u1228\u12f5\u12a4\u1275 \u12c8\u120b \u12ab\u1265 \u121e\u121d\u1263\u1233 \u1265\u1290\u1348\u122d\u1272 \u12a8\u1290\u1218\u120b\u120d\u1236 \u12a2\u1293\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d \u1265\u12d3\u1230\u1265 \u12ad\u12a3\u1271 \u12a3\u12ed\u1295\u1348\u1255\u12f0\u1209\u1295 \u12a2\u1293 \u12dd\u1218\u1235\u120d \u12a3\u12cd\u12f2\u1255\u12ab \u121d\u1215\u1233\u12ed \u12a2\u12e9 \u1294\u1229\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

3.2) \u12a3\u1265 \u1309\u122b\u12d5 \u12e8\u122b\u12bd\u1260\u1293!<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u1275\u1293\u1295\u1275 \u12db\u122c \u12a3\u12ed\u12f0\u1208\u121d \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u12d8\u1228\u1263 \u12c8\u12eb\u1290\u2019\u121e \u12d8\u12ad\u1229\u1208\u12ed \u12ad\u1261\u122d \u12a3\u1276 \u1205\u12f3\u1230\u1361 \u120e\u121a\u2019\u1232 \u1273\u1295\u12ad\u1273\u1275\u1361 \u1290\u1348\u122d\u1272 \u12b2\u1293\u1275\u1361 \u12a8\u121d\u12a1\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u1218\u122b\u12bd\u1265 \u12cd\u130d\u12a5 \u1293\u12ed \u12f0\u1242 \u1235\u130d\u122d \u1240\u12ed\u1215 \u1263\u1215\u122a\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u12c8\u12f0\u1263\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u1230\u134a\u1228\u1295 \u12a3\u1208\u12cb \u12ad\u1260\u1203\u120d \u12a5\u1295\u12a8\u120e\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12d8\u1295\u1338\u120b\u1209 \u12dd\u1218\u1235\u120d \u12d8\u120e \u12f0\u1218\u1293 \u1323\u124b \u12e8\u1265\u1209\u1295\u1362 \u12a8\u1218\u12ed\u2019\u1232 \u12f5\u1215\u122a \u12c8\u122b\u122b\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u1271\u122d\u12aa\u1295 \u1325\u120d\u12eb\u1295\u1295… \u134d\u1209\u12ed \u1263\u1205\u120d\u1295 \u1265\u1209\u133d \u12d5\u1325\u1245\u1295 \u12d8\u1208\u12ce\u121d \u12f0\u1242 \u1235\u130d\u122d \u1240\u12ed\u1215 \u1263\u1215\u122a \u12a3\u1265 \u1293\u12ed \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u12c8\u12f0\u1263\u1275 \u1265\u12c8\u130d\u12d2 \u12d8\u1233\u134d\u1211 \u12d8\u1208\u12c9\u1361 \u1215\u1302 \u12a5\u12ee\u121d\u1361 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u12c8\u1228 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1270\u1290\u130d\u1228\u1362 \u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f2 \u1250\u12f0\u121d\u1293 \u12ed\u130d\u1260\u1228\u120d\u1293 \u1325\u122b\u12ed\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u1309\u122b\u12d5 \u12e8\u122b\u12bd\u1260\u1293 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1293\u12ed \u1230\u1265 \u1240\u12f0\u121d \u12dd\u1293\u1361 \u12c8\u12ed \u12f5\u121b \u1293\u12ed \u12e8\u1218\u1295 \u1309\u12f3\u12ed \u121d\u1235 \u1203\u12f5\u12a0 \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u12c8\u133d\u12a1 \u12a3\u1228\u130b\u130a\u133e\u1219\u120d\u1293 \u12a5\u12ee\u121d \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1218\u1323\u1325\u1212 \u1235\u120d\u1323\u1295 \u12d8\u1218\u12bd\u1295\u12e8\u1209 \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295<\/b>\u1362 \u1235\u1208\u2019\u12da \u12a8\u121d\u2019\u12da \u12dd\u1218\u1235\u120d \u12ad\u1235\u1270\u1275 \u12a3\u1265 \u12d3\u12f5\u1295 \u12d3\u12cd\u12f5\u1295 \u12a5\u1293\u1270\u130b\u1205\u12f0 \u12a5\u1295\u12a8\u120e\u1361 \u1240\u121a\u123d \u12a3\u12f0\u12ed \u1213\u1295\u12b2\u1209\u1292 \u1265\u12dd\u1218\u1235\u120d \u121d\u12bd\u1295\u12eb\u1275 \u121d\u1235 \u1270\u1263\u1205\u1208 \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295<\/b> \u121d\u1241\u122d\u125b\u1235\u1361 \u201c\u12a3\u1205\u12eb\u12cd\u1295 \u1348\u122d\u1276 \u12f3\u12cd\u120b\u12cd\u1295\u201d \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u121d\u1235\u120b \u12d8\u12d8\u12bb\u12bd\u122d\u2019\u12e9\u1361 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1260\u120d\u12a9\u1361 \u12ad\u120b \u1231\u1255 \u1260\u120d! \u1295\u1235\u12bb\u1235 \u121d\u1235 \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122d\u129b \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228\u12ab \u134d\u1255\u122a\u2019\u1263 \u12a3\u12ed\u12c8\u12f3\u12a5\u12ab\u1295 \u1275\u1265\u1209\u1292 \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u1228\u1232\u12d5\u12ae\u121e \u12f2\u12b9\u121d? \u1218\u1235\u1240\u120d \u1212\u12de\u121d \u12dd\u1218\u133d\u12a1 \u12a3\u1263 \u121b\u1235\u12eb\u1235\u2019\u12b3 \u12ab\u1265 \u12d3\u1260\u12ed\u1272 \u12d3\u12f2 \u1293\u12ed \u12f0\u1295\u12ab\u120d\u12eb \u1295\u12a5\u123d\u1276 \u1218\u122c\u1275 \u1308\u12da\u12a6\u121d \u12d8\u1293\u12b8\u1231\u12cb \u1241\u120d\u12d2 \u12d3\u12f5\u1295 \u12d3\u12cd\u12f5\u1295 \u12d8\u1243\u1338\u1208\u1275\u1362 \u1215\u1302 \u12f5\u121b \u130d\u12dc\u1295 \u12d3\u1255\u121d\u1295 \u12a3\u1208\u12a9\u121d\u2019\u121e\u1361 \u121d\u1235 \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u1270\u1218\u1233\u1230\u1209\u1362 \u1265\u1293\u12ed \u123b\u12d5\u1263\u12eb \u123d\u134d\u1275\u1290\u1275 \u12c8\u12ed \u12f5\u121b \u1265\u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122b \u1275\u121d\u12ad\u1215\u1270\u129b\u1290\u1275 \u121d\u12cd\u122d\u12db\u12ed \u1295\u122d\u12a5\u1235\u12bb \u121d\u1275\u12d5\u123d\u123b\u12cd\u2019\u12e9 (complacency) \u12dd\u1218\u1235\u120d\u1362 \u12ab\u120d\u12a5\u1235 \u12ed\u1275\u1228\u134d \u1355\u1228\u1232\u12f0\u1295\u1275 \u12a2\u1233\u12eb\u1235\u2019\u12b3 \u1293\u1265 \u12f0\u1265\u122a \u12a5\u1295\u12f3 \u1218\u12d3\u1208\u2019\u1266\u12a6\u121d \u12dd\u12a3\u1275\u12c9\u1209 \u12d5\u12f5\u1218 \u12ed\u1240\u122b\u1228\u1265 \u1235\u1208 \u12d8\u120e\u1361 \u130b\u12f6 \u12ab\u1265 \u121d\u1263\u120d \u1265\u121b\u12d5\u12f6 (distant managers) \u12a3\u1265 \u12cd\u123d\u1321 \u12a3\u1272\u1293 \u1218\u1230\u120d\u1293 \u121d\u1215\u120b\u12cd \u1290\u130d\u1205\u12f6 \u121d\u1263\u120d\u1361 \u1293\u12ed \u12d3\u12c8\u1275\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d \u1293\u12ed \u1235\u12d5\u1228\u1275 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295 \u1295\u12a3\u12ed\u1362 \u1265\u1213\u133a\u1229\u2019\u1232 \u1265\u12d3\u1230\u1265 \u12ad\u1275\u1213\u120d\u1349 \u121d\u1235 \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1270\u12d3\u133b\u133a\u134d\u12a9\u121d\u1361 \u12a3\u1265\u12a1 \u1231\u122d \u121d\u1235 \u12dd\u1230\u12f5\u12f5 \u12d8\u120e \u1208\u12cd\u1322 \u1265\u121d\u12cd\u1233\u12a5\u12a9\u121d \u1295\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12a2\u12b9\u121d \u12d8\u12bd\u1260\u122d\u12a9\u121d\u1362…. \u1265\u12d3\u1263\u12eb\u1295 \u1265\u12bd\u1265\u122d\u1273\u1295 \u1295\u12d8\u1208\u12a3\u1208\u121d \u1275\u1295\u1260\u122d\u1362 \u121d\u1293\u120d\u1263\u1275 \u12a3\u1265 \u12a3\u1235\u1218\u122b \u12a4\u121d\u1263\u1232 \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u12b8\u1348\u1275\u12a9\u121d \u12f5\u121b \u12f5\u122d\u1265 \u1235\u1228\u2019\u12e9 \u12d8\u12d5\u1325\u1250\u12a9\u121d\u1362<\/span><\/p>\n

3.3) \u201c\u1265\u12db\u12d5\u1263 \u12cd\u1205\u12f0\u1275 \u12f0\u1245\u1293 \u12ed\u1215\u1230\u1261\u1209\u1362\u201d <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u12ad\u1261\u122d \u12a3\u1276 \u1205\u12f3\u1230 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u1361 \u12a5\u1272 \u12b9\u1209 \u1265\u12db\u12d5\u1263 \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u12a8\u1270\u121b\u122d\u1229 \u12cd\u12d2\u120d\u12a9\u121d\u2019\u1232 \u12a3\u1265 \u1218\u12c8\u12f3\u12a5\u1273 \u201c\u1265\u12db\u12d5\u1263 \u12cd\u1205\u12f0\u1275 \u12f0\u1245\u1293 \u12ed\u1215\u1230\u1261\u1209\u201d \u12f6\u1260\u120d\u12a9\u121d\u1362 \u12a5\u12da\u12a3 \u12f0\u12a3\u1361 \u1213\u12f0-\u1213\u12f0 \u12dd\u1263\u1291 \u12dd\u1250\u120d\u12d0 \u1293\u12ed \u1243\u120b\u1275 \u12a3\u1230\u12c3\u12b9\u12d3 \u130d\u120d\u134d \u130d\u120d\u134d \u12a3\u1262\u120d\u12ab\u1235 \u121d\u1235 \u1275\u1215\u12dd\u1276 \u1293\u12ed\u2019\u1272 – \u12cd\u12f2\u1275 \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 – \u12a5\u1275\u1265\u120d\u12ce \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u1270\u1240\u122b\u122d\u1260\u12a9\u121d\u2019\u12eb \u1275\u1218\u1235\u120d\u1362 \u12ab\u1265 \u1260\u120d\u12a9\u121d \u130d\u1295\u1361 \u201c\u1265\u12db\u12d5\u1263 \u12cd\u1205\u12f0\u1275 \u12f0\u1245\u1293 \u12ed\u1215\u1230\u1261\u1209\u201d \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u121d\u1263\u120d \u12d8\u1265\u133d\u1213\u12a9\u121d \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275\u2019\u1232 \u12a5\u1295\u1273\u12ed \u12a2\u12e9? <\/span><\/p>\n

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3.4) \u201c\u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u12dd\u1215\u123e \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u1218\u1228\u1340\u1361 \u1295\u1215\u1293 \u121d\u122d\u132d\u12a1 \u12ad\u1290\u12bd\u1265\u1228\u1209 \u12a2\u12e9 \u12dd\u12f0\u120a\u1361<\/b>\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u12dd\u1218\u1235\u120d \u1218\u121b\u1255\u122d\u1272 \u12a3\u1208\u12ce \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u1276 \u1205\u12f3\u1230 \u1275\u1295\u1273\u1290\u1362 \u1235\u1208\u2019\u12da \u12f5\u121b \u12a2\u12e8 \u12f0\u1213\u1295\u12f6\u2019\u1208\u12b9\u121d \u12d8\u12ed\u12ae\u1290\u2019\u1232 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b\u12cd\u12eb\u1295 \u133d\u1261\u1255 \u12a3\u1208\u12b9\u121d \u121d\u1263\u120d \u12dd\u1250\u120d\u120e\u121d\u2019\u12ee\u121d \u12dd\u1218\u1235\u1209 \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u121d\u1263\u120d \u12dd\u12f0\u1348\u122d\u12a9\u1362 \u12a3\u12dd\u12e9 \u12d8\u1215\u12dd\u1295\u2019\u12e9\u1362 \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u12ad\u1295\u12f5\u2019\u12da \u12f2\u1293 \u1265\u125b\u1295\u124b\u1295 \u1260\u2019\u1270\u1228\u1313\u1309\u121b \u1293\u12ed \u1273\u122a\u12bd\u1295 \u1270\u1228\u1213\u1212\u1255\u1293? \u12a3\u1276 \u1205\u12f3\u1230 \u12ad\u1205\u1260\u12a9\u121d\u12f6 \u12c8\u1228\u1362 \u12a3\u1290\u2019\u1232 \u12a3\u1265 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12a5\u1290\u1265\u122d \u1294\u1228\u1362 \u123d\u1215\u2019\u12b3 \u121d\u122d\u132b\u12ed \u12a3\u1265 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12ad\u1290\u1265\u122d \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1290\u1260\u1228\u1361 \u12a8\u121d \u12d3\u1208\u1218\u12ed \u1218\u1230\u1208\u12ed \u1270\u1308\u134a\u1348 \u1270\u1263\u122a\u1228\u1362 \u12a5\u1272 \u1265\u12f5\u1215\u122a\u12a1 \u12d8\u130b\u1320\u1218\u1292 \u12a9\u1290\u1273\u1275 \u12f5\u121b\u1361 \u121d\u1293\u120d\u1263\u1275 \u12d5\u12f5\u1218 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1202\u1261\u1293 \u1348\u1323\u122a\u1361 \u133d\u1261\u1255 \u12a3\u1208\u12b9\u121d \u1308\u12f2\u134d\u12a9\u121d \u12f0\u1213\u1295\u12f6\u2019\u1208\u12b9\u121d \u121d\u1263\u120d \u121d\u1235 \u1300\u1218\u122d\u12a9\u121d \u12a8\u12cd\u130d\u12d3\u12a9\u121d \u1270\u1235\u134b \u12ad\u1308\u1265\u122d\u2019\u12e8\u1362 \u1295\u130d\u12dc\u12a1 \u12a3\u1265 \u1235\u12f0\u1275 \u12ae\u12ed\u1290\u1361 \u1265\u1213\u1233\u1260\u12ed \u1235\u1255\u120d \u12a3\u12cd\u122d\u12f5 \u12a8\u1265\u120e \u12a5\u1295\u12a8\u1208\u12b9 \u1295\u1275\u1295\u1273\u1290\u12b9\u121d\u1361 \u123d\u12d1\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u1275\u12a3\u121d\u1291\u1292 \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295\u1362 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u122d\u132b \u1290\u1308\u122d \u12ab\u1265 \u1270\u120b\u12d5\u1208 \u130d\u1295\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u12ab\u120d\u12a6\u1275 \u1203\u1308\u122b\u1275 \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u1270\u1308\u1265\u1228 – \u12c8\u1228 – \u1230\u121a\u12d5\u1293\u1361 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u121d\u12a5\u1295\u1272 \u12ad\u12be\u1290\u1293\u1361 \u1265\u12db\u12d5\u1265\u12a1 \u12a5\u1293\u12d5\u1208\u120d\u1293\u1361 \u1293\u1265 \u121d\u122d\u132b \u1308\u133d\u1293 \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u1295\u1235\u1309\u121d \u1265\u12db\u12d5\u1263 \u12dd\u1265\u120b\u12d5 \u12db\u12d5\u1263 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1270\u1218\u12eb\u12e8\u1325\u1293 \u12ed\u1215\u1238\u1293\u1362 \u1265\u122d\u130d\u133d \u130d\u1295 \u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u12a5\u1295\u1273\u12ed \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u12f0\u120a \u12ad\u121d\u1205\u1208\u120d \u12a5\u1295\u12a8\u120e\u1361 \u133d\u1295 \u12a2\u1209 \u12dd\u1230\u121d\u12d6 \u12a3\u120b\u12ea\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d\u1361 \u12a5\u1295\u1273\u12ed \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u12f0\u120a \u12dd\u1348\u120d\u1320\u1209 \u1320\u1295\u124b\u120a \u1203\u1230\u1235 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u12d8\u120e \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

3.5) \u1275\u121d\u12ad\u1215\u1272\u1362<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u12a5\u12db \u121a\u12db\u1295 \u12a3\u1260\u1203\u1205\u120b\u2019\u12da\u12a3 \u121d\u1235 \u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab\u12ca \u1218\u120d\u12ad\u12d5 \u1293\u12ed \u123b\u12d5\u1265\u12eb\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122b\u1295 (\u1238\u12cb) \u12ad\u1275\u12dd\u12a8\u122d \u12a5\u1295\u12a8\u120b \u12a3\u12dd\u12eb \u1275\u12f0\u121d\u1255 \u1275\u12b9\u1295\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d \u1295\u1265\u12d9\u1213\u1275 \u1275\u1275\u1295\u12ad\u134d\u2019\u12eb\u1362 \u201c.. \u12d8\u1218\u1291\u1295 \u12e8\u1218\u1228\u1218\u1229 \u12c8\u12ed\u1295\u121d \u1260\u12d8\u1218\u1291 \u12e8\u1296\u1229 \u1263\u1208\u1219\u12eb\u12ce\u127d \u12a5\u1295\u12f0\u121a\u1290\u130d\u1229\u1295 \u1260\u1246\u12f3\u1278\u12cd \u1240\u1208\u121d \u12e8\u121a\u1273\u1260\u12e9\u1361 \u1260\u1325\u1295\u1273\u12ca \u1273\u122a\u12ab\u1278\u12cd \u12e8\u121a\u12ae\u1229\u1361 \u1260\u1338\u1228 \u1245\u129d \u1308\u12e2 \u1275\u130d\u120b\u1278\u12cd \u12e8\u121a\u1218\u12a9 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u12cd\u12eb\u1295 \u1208\u12a3\u134d\u122a\u12ab \u12ed\u1263\u120d \u1208\u1325\u1245\u1209 \u1325\u1241\u122d \u1205\u12dd\u1265 \u1263\u120b\u1278\u12cd \u201c\u12a3\u1309\u120d \u130d\u121d\u1275\u201d \u12ed\u1273\u12c8\u1243\u1209\u1362 \u122b\u1233\u1278\u12cd\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u12f0 \u12a3\u134d\u122a\u12ab\u12ca \u1208\u1218\u1241\u1320\u122d \u12ed\u1278\u1308\u122b\u1209\u1362 \u1295\u133d\u133d\u122b\u1278\u12cd\u121d \u1230\u122d\u12ad \u12a8\u12a3\u1218\u122a\u12ab\u1293 \u12a8\u12a3\u12cd\u122e\u1353 \u130b\u122d \u1290\u12cd\u1362 (\u130d\u122a\u1295\u134a\u120d\u12f5\u1361 319\u1363 \u1263\u1215\u1229 2010\u1361 13) [5, 57] \u1235\u1208\u2019\u12da\u2019\u1232\u1361 \u12dd\u1218\u120d\u12bd \u12a8\u121d \u12f5\u120b\u12e9 \u12ed\u132d\u122d\u1215 \u12ad\u1260\u1203\u120d \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u12d8\u12ed\u12ae\u12ed\u1291 \u12dd\u12f5\u1208 \u12d8\u120e\u1361 \u1265\u12db\u12d5\u1263 \u1275\u121d\u12ad\u1215\u1272 \u12a3\u12ed\u1295\u1215\u123e \u12a3\u12ed\u1295\u1213\u121d\u1246\u2019\u12e9 \u1273\u122a\u12bd \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u12d8\u120e\u1362 \u1265\u122d\u130d\u133d \u130d\u1295 \u1265\u1230\u121c\u1295 \u1275\u121d\u12ad\u1215\u1272 \u123b\u12d5\u1265\u12eb \u1265\u12f0\u1261\u1265 \u12f5\u121b \u1275\u121d\u12ad\u1215\u1272 \u1218\u1233\u134d\u1295\u1272 \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122b \u12dd\u12d8\u122d\u12a5\u12ce \u1309\u122d\u12f2-\u121d\u122d\u12f2 \u121d\u1205\u120b\u12c9 \u12d8\u12e8\u12ab\u1275\u12d5 \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u12be\u12ed\u1291\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u1218\u1295\u130e-\u1218\u1295\u130e \u1295\u12a1\u12f5 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u1265\u1205\u1203\u120d \u1325\u1260\u1265 \u12a3\u120e \u12ad\u1260\u1203\u120d \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u12be\u12ed\u1291 \u12dd\u12f5\u1208 \u12d8\u120e\u1361 \u1203\u12e8\u2019\u1263 \u1295\u1208\u12cd\u1325\u1295 \u12d5\u122d\u1245\u1295 \u1295\u1320\u1250\u1218\u1209\u1361 \u121d\u1263\u120d \u121b\u1208\u1275 \u12d8\u12ed\u12d3\u12cd\u12f5\u12bb \u121d\u1241\u121b\u1275 \u12d8\u1235\u121d\u12d5 \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295\u1362<\/span><\/p>\n

3.6) \u1338\u120b\u12a2\u1362 <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u12a3\u1276 \u1205\u12f3\u1230 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u1361 \u123b\u12d5\u1263\u12eb\u2019\u1232 \u1295\u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1275\u1295 \u1295\u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122b\u1295 \u1265\u12d8\u12ed\u134d\u120d\u120d\u12ed \u201c\u1338\u120b\u12a2\u201d \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u1265\u120e\u121d \u12ed\u12dd\u12ad\u1229\u1362 \u1213\u1242 \u12f5\u121b \u12a2\u12e9\u1362 \u12ed\u12b9\u1295 \u12f0\u12a3\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d \u12a5\u12da \u12a3\u1260\u1203\u1205\u120b\u2019\u12da \u121d\u1235 \u123b\u12d5\u1265\u12eb \u1325\u122b\u12ed \u12dd\u1215\u1338\u122d \u12a3\u12ed\u12ae\u1290\u1295\u1362 \u12c8\u12eb\u1290\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u1215\u1302 \u12ab\u1265\u12a1 \u12dd\u1213\u12ed\u123d \u12a3\u1260\u1203\u1205\u120b \u12a3\u12e8\u121b\u12d5\u1260\u1209\u1295\u1362 \u12ab\u1265 \u1270\u120b\u12d5\u1208 \u130d\u1295\u1361 \u1290\u12da \u12a3\u1260\u1203\u1205\u120b\u2019\u12da \u1218\u1260\u1246\u1209\u1361 \u1203\u1338\u12ed \u12ee\u12cd\u1203\u1295\u1235 \u121d\u1235 \u121e\u1271\u1361 \u1203\u1338\u12ed \u121d\u1295\u120a\u12ad \u1235\u120d\u1323\u1295\u1295 \u12dd\u1293\u1295 \u12ab\u1265 \u12a3\u12bd\u1231\u121d \u1293\u1265 \u1238\u12cb \u121d\u1235 \u12a3\u130d\u12d3\u12dd\u12c8\u1295\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u1275\u130d\u122b\u12ed\u1361 \u12a3\u1295\u133b\u122d \u1338\u1265\u1208\u120d\u1275\u1290\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122b \u12dd\u1215\u1295\u1215\u1295 \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u1325\u1321\u1215 \u1263\u12ed\u1273 \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u1270\u1290\u133d\u1348\u1209 \u1265\u12e8\u121b\u1295\u1295 \u1265\u1338\u130b\u121d\u1295\u2019\u12e9 \u12dd\u1295\u1308\u122d\u1362 \u12ab\u120d\u12a5\u1235 \u12ed\u133d\u1293\u1215\u1361 \u122d\u1211\u1255 \u12a8\u12ed\u1270\u12b8\u12f0\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12dd\u1270\u133b\u1215\u1349 \u12a5\u12cb\u1293\u12cd\u12eb\u1295 \u1218\u133b\u1215\u134d\u1272 \u1275\u130d\u122d\u129b \u1290\u12da \u12dd\u121d\u1263\u1208\u2019\u12da \u1265\u1295\u1339\u122d\u2019\u12ee\u121d \u12d8\u1295\u1338\u1263\u122d\u1255\u12ce\u1362 \u12a3\u1265\u1290\u1275 \u1295\u121d\u1325\u1243\u1235\u1361-<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u12e8\u1275\u130d\u122b\u12ed \u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1293 \u12e8\u1275\u121d\u12ad\u1215\u1270\u129e\u127d \u1234\u122b – 1998<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u12a5\u121d\u1262\u1273 \u12a3\u1295\u1343\u122d \u12c8\u1228\u122d\u1272 – 2005<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u1240\u12f3\u121b\u12ed \u12c8\u12eb\u1290 – 2005<\/span><\/p>\n

\u12dd\u133d\u1265\u133d\u1265\u12ce \u12a3\u1260\u1203\u1205\u120b \u12a5\u12b9\u120d \u1275\u1229\u134d \u12a2\u12e9\u1362 \u12a5\u12da \u1338\u120b\u12a2 \u12ad\u1265\u120d \u12f5\u1243\u1235 \u1235\u12a2\u1291 \u12f5\u1243\u1235 \u12dd\u12b8\u120d\u12a5 \u1293\u12ed \u1242\u121d\u1273 \u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab\u1361 \u1265\u12db\u12d5\u1263 \u12a3\u1290\u1253\u1255\u120d\u12a1\u1295 \u1325\u120d\u1240\u1271\u1295 \u1295\u1270\u1218\u122b\u1218\u122d\u1272 \u1293\u12ed \u1273\u122a\u12bd \u12dd\u130d\u12f0\u134d \u12ed\u12b9\u1295 \u12f0\u12a3\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d\u1361 \u12a3\u1265 \u1218\u1295\u130e \u1218\u1233\u134d\u1295\u1272 \u1293\u12ed \u1270\u12db\u1228\u1265\u1272 \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122b\u129b\u1295 \u1218\u1233\u134d\u1295\u1272 \u1293\u12ed \u1270\u12db\u1228\u1265\u1272 \u1275\u130d\u122a\u129b\u1295 \u1295\u1218\u12cb\u12a5\u120d \u1231\u122d \u12dd\u1230\u12f0\u12f0 \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u1290\u12f6 \u1295\u1235\u12bb \u1295\u1218\u120d\u12bd \u1205\u120d\u12bd \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228\u1295 \u12d8\u120e\u1295 \u12d8\u12ab\u1275\u12d5 \u12e8\u1265\u1209\u1295\u1362 \u12a5\u12da \u1205\u120d\u12bd\u2019\u12da \u1293\u1265 \u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u12ad\u12c8\u122d\u12f5 \u12a5\u1295\u12a8\u120e \u130d\u1295\u1361 \u1265\u12db\u12d5\u1263 \u134d\u120d\u120d\u12ed \u12a3\u1228\u12a3\u12a5\u12eb \u1218\u133b\u12a2 \u12d5\u12f5\u120d \u1293\u12ed \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12dd\u121d\u1205\u122d \u1293\u12ed \u1235\u120d\u1323\u1295 \u1218\u1323\u1325\u1212 \u121c\u120b \u12ed\u1309\u120d\u1260\u1265\u2019\u12e9\u1362 \u121d\u1245\u12cb\u121d\u1295 \u12b2\u1293\u1275\u1295 \u12f5\u121b \u12e8\u1235\u12d5\u1265\u1362<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u1265\u1295\u133d\u133d\u122d \u12a5\u1295\u12ad\u1228\u12a0 \u1265\u134d\u120b\u12ed \u12a3\u1265\u2019\u12db \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u12dd\u1228\u12a0 \u12d8\u120e \u121d\u130d\u121d\u121b\u1275 \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122d\u129b\u1295 \u1275\u130d\u122d\u129b\u1295 \u12a3\u1265 \u12d5\u12f3\u130b \u1293\u12ed \u1262\u122b \u12a8\u12e8\u1270\u1228\u1348 \u12a5\u1293\u1270\u1295\u1338\u1263\u1228\u1250\u1361 \u201c\u1295\u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u1275\u130d\u122b\u12ed \u12ab\u1265 90 \u121a\u120d\u12ee\u1295 \u1205\u12dd\u1262 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12ad\u1295\u133d\u120e..\u201d \u12dd\u134d\u1275\u1295 \u12cd\u12f2\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u12c8\u12ed \u12f5\u121b \u1293\u12ed \u123b\u12d5\u1265\u12eb \u12ed\u1228\u12a3\u12e8\u1292\u2019\u120e \u12ad\u1260\u1203\u120d \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u12be\u12ed\u1291 \u12dd\u134d\u1270\u1295 \u12d8\u120e\u1361 \u12ab\u1265 \u1213\u1242 \u12ad\u1275\u1215\u1265\u12a1 \u1265\u121d\u134d\u1273\u1295\u12a9\u121d\u1361 \u12ab\u1265 \u1205\u12f3\u1230 \u1293\u1265 \u12cd\u12f3\u1230 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1270\u1250\u12e8\u1228 \u1293\u12ed \u1265\u122d\u12d2 \u1235\u121d\u12a9\u121d\u1361 \u12ad\u1230\u121b\u121b\u12d5 \u12ed\u12bd\u12a5\u120d\u2019\u12e9 \u121d\u1235 \u1275\u1215\u12dd\u1276 \u1293\u12ed \u133d\u1211\u134d\u12a9\u121d\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u1218\u12f0\u121d\u12f0\u121d\u1273<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u12a3\u1265 \u1218\u12c8\u12f3\u12a5\u1273 \u12a8\u12ed\u1270\u1295\u12a8\u134d\u12a9\u12cb \u12ad\u1213\u120d\u134d \u12d8\u12ed\u12f0\u120a \u1293\u12ed \u1203\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 \u1309\u12f3\u12ed \u12a2\u12eb\u1362 \u12f0\u1242 \u1230\u1263\u1275 \u12dd\u1260\u1209 \u12ed\u1260\u1209\u1361 \u12ad\u122d\u1235\u1275\u1293\u1295 \u12a5\u1235\u120d\u121d\u1293\u1295 \u12ab\u1265 \u1240\u12f0\u121d \u12ab\u1265 \u1325\u1295\u1272 \u1218\u1293\u1265\u122d\u1275\u1295 \u1218\u12c8\u12f3\u12f5\u122d\u1275\u1295 \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u12be\u1291 \u12d8\u121b\u1275\u12a5 \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295\u1362 \u12ad\u120d\u1272\u12a6\u121d \u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f2 \u133d\u12f5\u1242 \u12a5\u12da \u12a2\u12e9 \u12ad\u1265\u1209\u1361 \u12a3\u12dd\u12e9 \u1265\u12d9\u1215 \u1293\u12ed \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u1265\u1228\u1275\u1295 \u121d\u122d\u133b\u121d \u12a3\u1215\u120a\u134e\u121d\u1361 \u1308\u1293\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u1290\u1295\u1230\u12d3\u1265\u1276\u121d \u12a3\u12a5\u121a\u1296\u121d \u12a3\u1265 \u1219\u1209\u12a5 \u12d3\u1208\u121d \u1265\u12dd\u1300\u1218\u122d\u12ce \u12ed\u1255\u133d\u1209 \u12a3\u1208\u12c9\u1362 \u121b\u12d5\u1228 \u121b\u12d5\u1228\u12a6\u121d \u12a8\u12a3 \u1265\u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f2 \u133d\u12f5\u1242 \u12dd\u12c8\u122b\u12d8 \u1293\u12ed \u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab \u1270\u1260\u120b\u133d\u1290\u1275 \u1260\u1265\u12d3\u12ed\u1290\u1271 \u1215\u1265\u122a \u1270\u1250\u1262\u12a1 \u1295\u12a5\u12dd\u1292 \u1230\u12d3\u1265\u1271 \u1263\u1205 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u12a3\u1260\u1203\u1205\u120b \u1293\u1265 \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u12a8\u1255\u122d\u1265 \u120d\u1219\u12f5 \u12a2\u12e9\u1362 \u12a5\u12da \u12f5\u121b \u1295\u12bd\u120d\u1272\u12a6\u121d \u1213\u1260\u122d\u1272 \u1218\u1295\u1308\u12f2 \u133d\u12f5\u1242 \u12a8\u121d\u12d8\u12ed\u1215\u12f5\u1236\u121d \u12d8\u1320\u122b\u1325\u122d \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295\u1362 \u121d\u1293\u120d\u1263\u1275 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1265\u1308\u122d\u1206\u121d \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1265\u1309\u122d\u1216\u121d \u12d8\u12dd\u1230\u121d\u12d5\u12ce \u1270\u1263\u1205\u1208 \u121d\u12f5\u130b\u121d \u12dd\u1218\u122d\u1339 \u12a5\u1295\u1270 \u1270\u1250\u120d\u1240\u1209 \u12a8\u12a3 \u1308\u1208 \u1308\u120a\u12a1\u1235 \u12ab\u1265 \u1260\u1203\u120a\u12a1\u1235 \u12f0\u130b\u121a\u12a1 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u121d\u1235\u120b \u12d8\u12d8\u12bb\u12bd\u122d \u12a2\u12e9\u1362 \u1235\u1208 \u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u12f5\u121b \u12a3\u130d\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u12dd\u1265\u1209 \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u1295\u1270\u12db\u1228\u1265\u1272 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u1273\u1275 \u12f0\u1242 \u130d\u12a5\u12dd\u1361 \u1265\u1263\u1205\u120d\u1295 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u1213\u1263\u122d \u1228\u125b\u1212 \u12a8\u121d \u12dd\u1290\u1265\u122e\u121d \u12d8\u12d8\u12bb\u12bd\u122d\u2019\u12e9\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d\u1361 \u1215\u1302 \u130d\u12a5\u12dd \u12a8\u121d \u124b\u1295\u124b \u12a3\u1265 \u12f0\u1265\u122d\u1273\u1275\u1295 \u1264\u1270\u12ad\u122d\u1235\u1275\u12eb\u1293\u1275\u1295 \u1265\u121d\u1325\u1255\u120b\u1209\u1361 \u1325\u121b\u12d5 \u1245\u12f1\u1235 \u1218\u133d\u1213\u134d \u12a3\u12ed\u1308\u1265\u122e\u1295\u2019\u12e9\u1362<\/span><\/p>\n

\u12ab\u120d\u12a5\u1235 \u12ed\u1275\u1228\u134d\u1361 \u120d\u12d5\u120a \u12a9\u1208\u1295 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u1273\u1275 \u12f0\u1242 \u130d\u12a5\u12dd \u1293\u1265 \u1218\u1260\u1246\u1209 \u12dd\u1250\u1228\u1260 \u1270\u1218\u1233\u1233\u120d\u1290\u1275 \u12d8\u1208\u12ce \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1275\u130d\u1228 \u12a2\u12e9 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u121a\u12db\u1295\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u12ed\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12a2\u12e9\u1362 \u1270\u12db\u1228\u1265\u1272 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1275\u130d\u1228 \u12f5\u121b \u12f3\u122d\u130b \u12a9\u120b\u1276\u121d \u1270\u12b8\u1270\u120d\u1272 \u1203\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 \u12a5\u1235\u120d\u121d\u1293 \u12a5\u12ee\u121d\u1362 \u1235\u1208\u2019\u12da \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1218\u1295\u1240\u120a \u1293\u12ed \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u12d3\u1208\u121b\u12ca \u12a2\u12e9\u1362 \u1203\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1273\u12ca \u12a3\u12ed\u12ae\u1290\u1295\u1362 \u12ed\u12b9\u1295 \u12f0\u12a3\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d \u121d\u1235 \u12dd\u1293\u1295 \u121d\u12d5\u1263\u1208\u1295 \u12a3\u12bd\u1231\u121b\u12ca \u1295\u130d\u1235\u1290\u1275 \u12dd\u1205\u1266 \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228 \u12a3\u1308\u120d\u130d\u120e\u1275 \u1270\u12a3\u1233\u1232\u1229 \u1295\u12dd\u1270\u12c8\u1230\u1291 \u12ad\u134b\u120d \u1293\u12ed \u1215\u1265\u1228\u1270\u1230\u1265 \u12a3\u1265 \u12a9\u1209 \u133d\u134d\u1215\u1273\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12d5\u1208\u1273\u12ca \u1202\u12c8\u1276\u121d \u12f5\u1219\u1255 \u1235\u121d\u1265\u122b\u1271 \u1308\u12f2\u1349 \u12a2\u12e9 \u12ab\u1265\u2019\u12db \u12d3\u1208\u121d \u12d5\u12f3\u130b \u1203\u12f2\u1219 \u12a8\u121d \u1263\u1215\u1273\u12ca \u1293\u12ed \u12f0\u1265\u122d\u1273\u1275\u1295 \u1308\u12f3\u121b\u1275\u1295 \u1218\u1292\u1291 \u12dd\u1228\u12a0 \u12d8\u120e\u1362 \u1235\u1208 \u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u12f5\u121b \u123b\u12d5\u1265\u12eb\u1295 \u12c8\u12eb\u1290\u1295 \u12a3\u1265 \u1293\u12ed \u1242\u121d\u1273 \u1356\u1208\u1272\u12ab \u12ab\u1265 \u12f0\u122a\u1256\u121d \u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1273\u1275 \u12ab\u1265 \u12a3\u1228\u1213\u1213\u1251\u1361 \u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1273\u1275 \u1295\u121d\u1245\u122d\u122b\u1265 \u12a3\u121b\u122b\u133a \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u12a8\u122d\u1245\u1251 \u12dd\u134d\u1275\u1291 \u1230\u1263\u1275 \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u12a5\u1295\u1270\u1260\u1209 \u12d8\u134d\u122d\u1215 \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295\u1362 \u121d\u1235 \u1263\u12a5\u1232 \u12cd\u12eb\u1290\u1295 \u123b\u12d5\u1265\u12eb\u1295 \u1265\u125b\u1295\u124b\u1295 \u1265\u121d\u1265\u1205\u1203\u120d\u1295 \u12ad\u134d\u1273\u1215 \u12dd\u12bd\u12a5\u120d \u1338\u1308\u121d \u12a8\u121d \u12d8\u120e \u12f5\u121b \u12a3\u130d\u12a3\u12dd\u12eb\u1295 \u1325\u122b\u12ed \u12a3\u12ed\u12ae\u1291\u1295 \u12dd\u1265\u120d\u12ce \u12d8\u1208\u12c9\u1362 \u201cThe mission reported back to the Security Council that it found the differences between the two sides, \u201cwhile real, were relatively small and manageable and could be resolved by intensive negotiations over time.\u201d [10, 42]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u12be\u12ed\u1291 \u12a3\u1265\u2019\u12db \u12a5\u12cb\u1295\u2019\u12da\u12a3 \u201c\u12c8\u12eb\u1293\u12ed \u12f4\u121e\u12ad\u122b\u1235\u12eb\u12ca \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275\u201d \u1265\u12a0\u12ae\u1296\u121d\u121a \u1265\u1275\u122b\u1295\u1235\u1356\u122d\u1275 \u12a8\u121d\u12a1\u2019\u12cd\u1295 \u1265\u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u12a3\u1265 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12a3\u1235\u122a\u1339\u12ce \u12d8\u120e \u1293\u12ed \u1208\u12cd\u1322 \u1218\u1320\u1295 \u12a3\u12dd\u12e9 \u12dd\u12f5\u1290\u1255 \u12a2\u12e9\u1362 \u1235\u1208\u2019\u12da \u12f5\u121b \u12a2\u12e9 \u1265\u1308\u1208 \u1308\u1208 \u1270\u1295\u1270\u1295\u1272 \u201c\u120d\u121b\u1273\u12ca \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1275\u201d \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1245\u133d\u120d \u12dd\u12c8\u1203\u1266\u1362 \u12ed\u12b9\u1295 \u12f0\u12a3\u2019\u121d\u1260\u122d \u121b\u12d5\u1228 \u121b\u12d5\u1228 \u121d\u1235\u2019\u12da \u12dd\u12f5\u1290\u1255 \u1208\u12cd\u1322 \u12dd\u1228\u12a0\u2019\u121e\u1361 \u1265\u12a8\u121d\u2019\u12da \u12a3\u1276 \u1205\u12f3\u1230 \u12a3\u1255\u122a\u1266\u121e \u12d8\u1208\u12c9 \u1275\u1295\u1273\u1295 \u12dd\u1295\u1338\u1263\u1228\u1255 \u1265\u1293\u12ed \u1275\u121b\u120a \u12d3\u12c8\u1275\u1295 \u1356\u120a\u1232\u1295 \u121d\u12f5\u12d5\u12d3\u1235 (complacency) \u12a8\u1235\u12d5\u1266 \u12dd\u12bd\u12a5\u120d \u1293\u12ed \u12d3\u12c8\u1275 \u12ad\u1233\u122b \u1265\u1250\u120a\u1209 \u12dd\u130d\u1218\u1275 \u12a3\u12ed\u1218\u1235\u1208\u1295\u1295\u1362 \u12a8\u1218\u12ed\u2019\u1232 \u1293\u12ed \u1275\u121b\u120a \u12d3\u12c8\u1273\u1275 \u12a3\u1265 \u122d\u1211\u1255\u1295 \u12a3\u1265 \u1240\u1228\u1263\u1295 \u121d\u1235 \u12dd\u1260\u122d\u1255 \u1320\u1208\u1263\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u12dd\u1218\u1323\u1320\u1295 \u1213\u12f2\u123d \u1213\u1233\u1263\u1275 \u12a3\u12e8\u12cd\u1215\u1235\u1295\u2019\u12e9\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u122b\u1205\u12cb\u1295 \u1245\u1233\u1290\u1275\u1295 \u1295\u1205\u12dd\u1265\u1273\u1275 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b\u1295 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u1295\u1362<\/span><\/p>\n

——<\/span><\/p>\n

References:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. I Didn\u2019t Do it For You \u2013 Michela Wrong 2005<\/span><\/p>\n

2. Understanding Eritrea \u2013 Martin Plat 2016<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u12e8\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12a5\u1293 \u12e8\u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b \u130d\u132d\u1275 \u1218\u1295\u1235\u12a4\u1293 \u1218\u134d\u1275\u1214 – \u12f6\/\u122d \u12f0\u1303\u12dd\u121b\u127d \u12d8\u12cd\u12f4 \u1308\u1265\u1228\u1235\u120b\u1234 2007 (\u130d\u12a5\u12dd)<\/span><\/p>\n

4. The Collapse \u2013 The Accidental Opening of The Berlin Wall \u2013 Mary Elise Sarotte 2014<\/span><\/p>\n

5. \u1218\u120d\u12ad\u12a3 \u1235\u1265\u1213\u1275-\u1235\u1265\u1213\u1275 \u1308\u1265\u1228\u12a5\u130d\u12da\u12a3\u1265\u1214\u122d \u1265\u1230\u120b\u1233 \u1340\u1213\u134a\u12eb\u1295 \u1308\u1323\u121d\u12eb\u1295\u1293 \u1230\u12d3\u120a\u12eb\u1295 \u12a5\u12ed\u1273 – \u12a3\u120b\u121b\u12e8\u1201 \u1308\u120b\u130b\u12ed 2005 (\u130d\u12a5\u12dd)<\/span><\/p>\n

6. \u12a5\u121d\u1262\u1273 \u12a3\u1295\u1343\u122d \u12c8\u1228\u122d\u1272 – \u1218\u121d\u1205\u122d \u1308\u1265\u1228\u12aa\u12f3\u1295 \u12f0\u1235\u1273 2005 \u130d\u12a5\u12dd<\/span><\/p>\n

7. \u1230\u1228\u1275 \u1273\u122a\u12bd \u1325\u1295\u1273\u12ca\u1275 \u121d\u12f5\u1228 \u1263\u1215\u1228\u130b\u1235 \u12a4\u122d\u1275\u122b – \u12f6\/\u122d \u12a3\u1265\u122d\u1203 \u1333\u12cd\u120e\u1235 2010<\/span><\/p>\n

8. \u12e8\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u1273\u122a\u12ad – \u12a3\u1263 \u130b\u1235\u1353\u122a\u1292<\/span><\/p>\n

9. \u1240\u12f3\u121b\u12ed \u12c8\u12eb\u1290 – \u12e8\u121b\u1290 \u1308\u1265\u1228\u1218\u1235\u1240\u120d 2005 (\u130d\u12a5\u12dd)<\/span><\/p>\n

10. The Horn Of Africa: Mass Expulsion And The Nationality Issue (June 1998 \u2013 April 2002)<\/span><\/p>\n

11. \u1215\u130d\u1295 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1275\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u1218\u122c\u1275 \u12d3\u12f0\u1266 \u1265\u12d8\u122d\u12a3-\u12eb\u12d5\u1246\u1265 \u12a5\u1235\u1322\u134b\u1296\u1235\u1361 \u12c8\u120d\u12f0\u121b\u122d\u12eb\u121d \u12a3\u1265\u122d\u1203\u121d\u1362 \u12a2\u1295\u12e5 \u1308\u122a\u121b <\/span><\/p>\n

\u1308\u1265\u1228\u1218\u1235\u1240\u120d \u1270\u1320\u122d\u1290\u1348\u1362 <\/span><\/p>\n

12. Shaping A People\u2019s Destiny: The Story Of Eritrea And The United Nations. Published by the United Nations Department of Public Information.<\/span><\/p>\n

*********<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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