(Sarah El Deeb)
Egyptian Islamists and former members of the nation’s military voiced concern Sunday about the potential pitfalls stemming from a decision by the country’s top constitutional court that would allow members of the armed forces and police to vote in the nation’s elections.
For decades, a long-running legal tradition in Egypt’s army and police barred soldiers, conscripts and members of the security from voting while in the service. The ban, which was written into law in 1976, was widely seen as a move designed to keep both the military and the security agencies out of politics – despite the fact that the country was run by former generals.
The Supreme Constitutional Court said Saturday the ban violated the country’s new constitution, which stipulates that all citizens have the right to vote. The court also shot down 12 other articles of the election laws drafted by Egypt’s Islamist-led legislature, saying they too went against the charter.
Human rights groups and some in Egypt’s secular opposition welcomed the decision, saying that in Egypt’s nascent democracy the right to vote should be extended to all Egyptians. Islamists and former members of the military, however, expressed fears that the decision risks forcing the nation’s highly polarized politics into the armed forces.
“This is a threat to national security. Divisions in the streets will be reflected in the military – the sectarianism, the partisanship,” said Hossam Sweilam, a retired general who served in the military for more than 30 years. “We are different from other countries. We have political problems. … This (ruling) would be in the interest of the Muslim Brotherhood and could be a problem for the cohesion of the military.”
The Brotherhood, winner of both the parliamentary and presidential elections that followed the country’s 2011 uprising, and its fellow Islamist groups also pushed back against the decision, which would add more than 1 million votes to Egypt’s already 50 million registered voters.
Mourad Aly, a senior advisor for the Brotherhood’s Freedom and Justice Party, said the court’s ruling raises questions about attempts to bring the military into politics through the back door.
“Is the point transferring the political polarization into military units? Would any reasonable person agree to have politics and election campaigns in the barracks?” he asked on his Facebook page. “Keep your hands off Egypt’s army and don’t force it into the parlors of politics. It has a sacred mission from which it shouldn’t be distracted.”
Sobhi Saleh, a lawmaker with the Brotherhood’s party, told Al-Jazeera Live Egypt that the legislature would take the court’s decision into consideration when rewriting the law. But he questioned how such a vote could be organized unless the military and security agencies were all on board.
Some in Egypt’s secular opposition praised the ruling, while cautioning that safeguards need to be put in place to ensure the police and military are not abused by political powers in the election process.
Ziad el-Oleimi, one of the leading youth figures in the 2011 uprising and a member of one of the new secular parties, said as a matter of principle the court decision extends a universal right to members of Egypt’s military and police. But, he said, as the military and police are currently the monitors of the election process, there should be new elements to guard the integrity of the elections.
“It can be a double-edged sword if there are no guarantees from civil society and the international community to monitor these elections,” he said. “We have to make sure that the executive doesn’t direct and use these votes as it sees fit.”
The debate reflects the divide over the role of the military in Egypt’s political life since the 2011 revolt that swept autocrat Hosni Mubarak – a former air force general – from office and brought the country’s first civilian president to power. For the last six decades, Egypt was run by a military officer, and the military establishment enjoyed an expansive network of influence and business that were largely shielded from accountability or public review.
The military stepped directly into the political arena after Mubarak’s ouster to rule the country through a rocky 17-month transition to civilian rule, which ended with the election of President Mohammed Morsi of the Muslim Brotherhood.
Egypt’s troubles did not end with Morsi’s swearing-in ceremony, however, and Egypt has been hit by repeated cycles of street violence and mass protests that have left the country’s political life deeply polarized. Islamist groups accuse the opposition, including former regime supporters, of undermining the powers they won at the ballot box; while the largely secular opposition accusing Islamists of governing alone.
The instability and deepening economic malaise has prompted some Egyptians, including some liberal groups and former supporters of the old regime, to view the military as the last bastion of stability – a force “made up of our own sons,” as many often say.
As the country’s troubles appeared to be spiraling out of control earlier this year with riots in cities along the Suez Canal, some Egyptians even called for the military to intervene directly and act as arbiter and protector of the state against the rise of Islamic groups.
In its Saturday ruling, the Supreme Constitutional Court said that 13 articles in the laws governing the elections and political participation were unconstitutional and run against the newly adopted charter, which was highly disputed by was approved in a popular vote in December.
The court’s decision also highlights the continuing tension between the judiciary and the Islamist-dominated legislature and executive over what it says are attempts by the Muslim Brotherhood to control state institutions, including the courts.
It was the second time the constitutional court has dismissed the election laws crafted by the Islamist-led legislature, further throwing into disarray the schedule for the parliamentary elections.
The legislature is also discussing a law governing the judiciary despite an outcry from the majority of judges, who say the law under review aims to get rid of over a quarter of the country’s most seasoned judges. The backers of the law say the courts are stacked with Mubarak loyalists, who seek to curtail Morsi’s rule.
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Source: Associated Press via Miami Herald – May 25, 2013
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